Manual: Pàgina principal

From Gentoo Wiki
Jump to:navigation Jump to:search
This page is a translated version of the page Handbook:Main Page and the translation is 5% complete.
Outdated translations are marked like this.
Other languages:
Quick links: Alpha AMD64
(x86_64) HPPA
(PA-RISC) IA64
(Itanium) MIPS PPC PPC64 SPARC x86

El manual de Gentoo, és un intent de centralitzar tota la documentació en un sol manual, que sigui coherent i fàcil. Aquest Manual conté les instruccions per poder instalar, utilitzant la xarxa, Gentoo i Portage.

L'esforç de crear el manual de Gentoo

Arquitectures

Gentoo Linux està disponible en diferents tipus d'arquitectures. Però, què és volem dir quan ens referim a "arquitectura"?

En aquest context, arquitectura fa referència a una família de CPU's (processadors) que suporten les mateixes instruccions. Les dues arquitectures més abundants a nivell usuari son x86 i x86_64 (per a la qual, Gentoo utilitza amd64). Però hi han molts altres tipus d'arquitectura, com ara sparc, ppc (the PowerPC family), mips, arm, etc...

Una distribució tan versàtil com Gentoo suporta moltes arquitectures. És per aquesta raò, que tenim disponibles diversos manuals amb totes les arquitectures soportades. S'ha de tenir em compte, però, que això pot portar a alguna confusiò, ja que no tots els usuaris son conscients d'aquesta pecularitat. Alguns només tenen en compte el tipus de CPU o el nom del sistema (com i686 o Intel core i7). A sota trobareu un resum ràpid de totes les arquitectures suportades i dels abrevacios que utlitza Gentoo. tot i així, molta gent no sap quina arquitectura utilitza el seu sistema, estarà interessada en x86 o amd64.

Consultant el manual

Note
La següent taula és una mostra de les arquitectures suportades. Els exemples exposats de CPU's o sistemes tant sols son un exemple. Si no estas segur de quina arquitectura vols agafar, si us plau, llegeix la primera secció del segon capítol del Manual de Gentoo (Triant el medi d'instalació adequat), ja que s'explica les diferents plataformes suportades

A rule of thumb for new Gentoo users: If the CPU was manufactured after 2015 and the manufacturer is either Intel or AMD, choosing the AMD64 Handbook is probably the correct route.

Note
ARM i ARM64 son projectes inclosos dins el projecte Gentoo però encara no disposens d'un manual complet. Si us plau, adreçat a ARM project per a més informació.

Equally, the riscv architecture is supported, however there is no separate Handbook for it (yet). More information can be found on the RISC-V project page.}}

Alpha Handbook
The Alpha architecture is a 64-bit architecture developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). It is still in use by some mid-range and high-end servers, but the architecture is slowly being faded out. Variants include: ES40, AlphaPC, UP1000, and Noname.
AMD64 Handbook
AMD64 is a 64-bit architecture that is compatible with the x86 architecture (and thus also known as x86_64). It was first used by AMD (under the AMD64 name) and Intel (under the EM64T name) and is now the most prominent architecture for medium and high-end desktop PCs. It is also commonly found in the server segment. Variants include: AMD Athlon 64, Opteron, Sempron, Phenom, FX, Ryzen, Threadripper, and Epyc along with Intel Pentium 4, Core2, Core i3, i5, i7, i9, Xeon, and some Atoms.
ARM Handbook
ARM is a 32-bit architecture that is very popular in embedded and small systems. Sub-architectures range from ARMv2 to ARMv6 (legacy), to ARMv6-M (Cortex), as well as ARMv8-R and ARMv8-M and are often found in smart phones, tablets, hand-held consoles, end-user GPS navigation systems, etc. Variants include: StrongARM and Cortex-M.
  • There is no ARM Handbook available at this time. Please see the ARM project page and the community maintained Embedded Handbook for more information about Gentoo's support for various ARM-powered single board computers.
ARM64 Handbook
ARM64 is a 64-bit variant of ARM for embedded and server systems. The primary sub-architecture referred to as AArch64 (also known as ARMv8-A) is produced by a few manufacturers. AArch64 chips are seen in a variety of SoCs including developer boards, smart phones, tablets, smart TVs, etc. Variants include: ARM Holdings' Cortex-A53, A57, A72, A73, and Qualcomm's Kryo and Falkor.
  • There is no ARM64 Handbook available at this time. Please see the ARM64 project page and the community maintained Embedded Handbook for more information about Gentoo's support for various ARM64-powered single board computers.
HPPA Handbook
Referred to as HPPA, the PA-RISC architecture is an instruction set developed by Hewlett-Packard and was used in their mid- and high-end server series until about 2008 (after which HP started using Intel Itanium). Variants include: HP 9000 and PA-8600.
IA64 Handbook
IA64 is a 64-bit architecture designed by Intel and used in their Intel Itanium processor series. This architecture is not compatible with x86 or x86_64 (a.k.a. amd64) and is mostly found in medium and high-end server series. Variants include: Intel Itanium.
MIPS Handbook
Developed by MIPS Technologies, the MIPS architecture comprises multiple subfamilies (called revisions) such as MIPS I, MIPS III, MIPS32, MIPS64 and more. MIPS is most common in embedded systems. Variants include: MIPS32 1074K and R16000.
PPC Handbook
PPC is a 32-bit architecture used by many Apple, IBM, and Motorola processors. They are most commonly found in embedded systems. Variants include: Apple OldWorld, Apple NewWorld, generi Pegasos, Efika, older IBM iSeries and pSeries. Readers of this handbook may which to take a look at the PPC FAQ page before getting started.
PPC64 Handbook
PPC64 is the 64-bit variant of the PPC architecture, popular in both embedded as well as high-end performance servers. Variants include: IBM RS/6000s, IBM pSeries, and IBM iSeries. Readers of this handbook may which to take a look at the PPC FAQ page before getting started.
RISC-V Handbook
RISC-V is an upcoming 32-bit, 64-bit, and 128-bit architecture with an open instruction set. Currently, the 64-bit RISC-V variant is supported by Gentoo.
  • There is no RISC-V Handbook available at this time. See the RISC-V project page for more information about Gentoo's support for RISC-V.
SPARC Handbook
The SPARC architecture is best known by its most common producers, Sun Microsystems (now Oracle) and Fujitsu. It is used in server systems although a few workstations exist as well. In Gentoo, only SPARC64-compatible CPUs are supported. Variants include: E3000, Blade 1000, and Ultra 2.
X86 Handbook
X86 is a 32-bit architecture used by CPUs that are often said to be "Intel compatible". It was until recently the most popular architecture for desktop PCs. Gentoo offers builds for i486 (supports all families) and i686 (supports Pentium and higher or compatible). Variants include: i486, i686, AMD Athlon, Intel Core, and some Intel Atoms.

Preguntes més frequents

No es pot crear màgicament un manual per cada opció?

Tot és possible en aquesta vida, però hem optat per només fer-ho a nivell pre-arquitectura. Altres opcions, com ara, particionar, selecció de kernel, instal·lació d'eines i més son suficientment fàcils com per explicar-les en un sol document.

Concepts such as advanced partitioning, non-generic kernel configuration, and alternate init systems are explained other areas around the wiki in publicly modifiable namespace (hint: anyone with wiki account can edit them!).

We ask our readers to search wiki and discover what is already available before requesting a new section or addition to be added to the Handbook. If you believe a new generic section is necessary to add to the Handbook, then propose a request by {{following the instructions below.

No puc trobar informació del Stage 1 al manual de Gentoo

Les instruccions per utilitzar tant el Stage1 com el Stage dos, estan disponibles a Gentoo FAQ.Una instalació amb Stage3 és l'única suportada per ara.

No estic d'acord amb...

Si us plau, fes-nos arribar la teva idea mitjançant les "Pàgines de discussió" del respectiu manual. La documentació està feta per la comunitat, així que apreciem molt el feedback que ens pogeu donar.

Note
Active handbook editors are down to only two or three members, so please provide some patience as we respond to new {{Talk}} entries. See below for instruction on how to suggest a new improvement to the handbook.

S'ha de tenir en compte, que la majoria de decisions que es prenen mentre es crea la documentació, es fa de manera consensuada. És del tot impossible que thothom estigui content amb les decisions presses quan es segueix aquest model. Has de ser capaç d'acceptar un "No" com a resposta si creiem que és per beneficiar a thothom.

Those who open discussions with the goal of improving the Handbook must be able to accept a "No" as an answer. Typically "No" is used when we believe the current implementation is beneficial for the majority of readers.

Per seguir track open issues et demanem que afegeixis el següent marcador a la teva pregunta:

CODE Example open discussion
'"`UNIQ--pre-00000003-QINU`"'

Això ens permet keep track seguir la pista dels teus problemes amb el manual de Gentoo.

Changelog

An effort to provide a loosely Symantec versioned changelog for the handbooks effort can be found at Handbook:Main Page/Changelog.

Retrieved from "https://wiki.gentoo.org/index.php?title=Handbook:Main_Page/ca&oldid=1263915"