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XFS 文件系统是一个高性能日志文件系统。它兼容 ACL (POSIX)，可与 Linux 一起使用。

XFS has a particularly strong reputation for reliability and led to the creation of the venerable xfstests Linux kernel test suite which now tests regressions in various filesystems.

安装

内核

内核 启用 XFS 支持 (CONFIG_XFS_FS:)

File systems  --->
   <*> XFS filesystem support

可选：

内核 启用可选的 XFS 特性

File systems  --->
   [*]   XFS Quota support
   [*]   XFS POSIX ACL support
   [*]   XFS Realtime subvolume support
   [ ]   XFS Verbose Warnings
   [ ]   XFS Debugging support

Emerge

XFS用户空间实用程序 需要 sys-fs/xfsprogs 软件包：

root #emerge --ask sys-fs/xfsprogs

使用

Mount

使用 mount 命令挂载 XFS 文件系统。

附注
XFS supports SSD discards in /etc/fstab.

Creation

Make an XFS filesystem with mkfs.xfs from xfsprogs:

root #mkfs.xfs -L 'label'

The label is optional. Further tuning on creation might be interesting for use as a RAID, multi-terabyte drives, and doing the journaling for a HDD on a separate SSD.

Filesystem information

xfs_spaceman can be used to display information about the space available and to run a report on the health of a filesystem.

root #xfs_spaceman -c info /path/to/mountpoint

Changing parameters

重要
It is not possible to change the parameters of a mounted filesystem

The parameters of an XFS filesystem can be changed using xfs_admin. For the full list of options, view the manpage: xfs_admin(8)

root #xfs_admin -L 'label' /dev/sda1

Expanding a filesystem

重要
The filesystem must be mounted to be grown

To grow an XFS filesystem to N amount, use xfs_growfs.

root #xfs_growfs -D N /path/to/mountpoint

附注
Using the -d argument results in it being expanded to the max size

Freezing

To suspend access to a filesystem, use the xfs_freeze command.

root #xfs_freeze -f /path/to/mountpoint

Utilities

Utility	Description	Man page
fsck.xfs	Checks a filesystem for corruption	fsck.xfs(8)
mkfs.xfs	Creates a new filesystem	mkfs.xfs(8)
xfs_admin	Changes the parameters of a filesystem	xfs_admin(8)
xfs_bmap	Prints block mapping for an XFS file	xfs_bmap(8)
xfs_copy	Copies contents of a filesystem to one or more targets in parallel	xfs_copy(8)
xfs_estimate	Estimate the amount of space a directory would consume if it were copied to an XFS filesystem	xfs_estimate(8)
xfs_db	Used to debug an XFS filesystem	xfs_db(8)
xfs_freeze	Suspends access to a filesystem	xfs_freeze(8)
xfs_fsr	Improves organization of mounted filesystems, compacting or improving the layout of extents	xfs_fsr(8)
xfs_growfs	Increases a filesystem's size	xfs_growfs(8)
xfs_info	Equivalent to invoking xfs_growfs but does not change any aspects about the filesystem	xfs_info(8)
xfs_io	Used for debugging, like xfs_db but for regular file paths than raw volumes	xfs_io(8)
xfs_logprint	Prints the log of an XFS filesystem	xfs_logprint(8)
xfs_mdrestore	Restores an XFS metadump image to a filesystem image	xfs_mdrestore(8)
xfs_metadump	Copies filesystem metadata to a file	xfs_metadump(8)
xfs_mkfile	Creates an XFS file (padded by zeroes by default)	xfs_mkfile(8)
xfs_ncheck	Generates pathnames from inode numbers	xfs_ncheck(8)
xfs_quota	Used for reporting and editing different aspects of filesystem quotas	xfs_quota(8)
xfs_repair	Repairs corrupted or damaged XFS filesystems	xfs_repair(8)
xfs_rtcp	Copies a file to a real-time partition	xfs_rtcp(8)
xfs_scrub	Checks and repairs contents of a mounted filesystem	xfs_scrub(8)
xfs_scrub_all	Scrubs all mounted XFS filesystems	xfs_scrub_all(8)
xfs_spaceman	Reports and controls free space usage	xfs_spaceman(8)

Maintenance

支持 2038 年时间戳（bigtime）

Older partitions (created with <xfsprogs-5.15) will not have bigtime enabled by default. Mounting such partitions results in a warning like:

root #dmesg

...
[    4.036258] xfs filesystem being mounted at /home supports timestamps until 2038 (0x7fffffff)
...

To check the current version of xfsprogs, run mkfs.xfs -V. There's no need for this on up-to-date Gentoo systems, but it might be necessary if using install media from another distribution with older userland.

The bigtime code support was enabled by default in xfsprogs 5.15, so manual setting is not required in newer versions.

Beginning with kernel 5.10, XFS gained bigtime support to extend the maximum recorded date stamps from 2038 to 2486 for the V5 on-disk format.

To upgrade an older filesystem to bigtime, first cleanly unmount the file system. The upgrade will refuse to run if the unmount was not completely clean.

然后运行：

root #xfs_admin -O bigtime=1 /dev/sda1

使用设备路径替换 /dev/sda1。

附注
XFS on the root mount will require an initramfs or other live environment with the necessary tools to perform an upgrade to the metadata.

Using Dracut initramfs to perform the upgrade

First, Dracut needs additional files included in the initramfs in order to perform the upgrade. This can be accomplished with either the --install option or inside a configuration file using the install_items option.

root #dracut --install "/usr/sbin/xfs_admin /usr/bin/expr" ...

Then, the kernel command line option can be modified to include rd.break=pre-mount to stop the initramfs just before it would mount the root filesystem. Ensure this is done temporarily and removed on subsequent reboots after upgrade.

移除

To schedule removal at the next run:

root #emerge --ask --depclean --verbose sys-fs/xfsprogs

另请参阅

• FAT — 文件系统 最初用于MS-DOS（和之后的，NT内核之前的Windows）。
• Ext4 — 一个开源的磁盘文件系统并且是扩展系列文件系统的最新版本。
• Btrfs — 一个写入时复制(CoW) 的 Linux 文件系统 ，旨在实现高级功能的同时专注于容错、修复和易于管理等功能。