Lenovo ThinkPad E485

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Introduction

The Lenovo ThinkPad E485 is a business laptop aimed at SMB. It is one of the early laptops with an AMD Ryzen CPU with integrated graphics. The laptop has a solid build, a good keyboard, and a nice 14" 1920x1080 display. It is possible to have both NMVe and an SSD or spinning hard disk. It is cheaper than most other ThinkPads, but lacks some features like a fingerprint scanner or a backlit keyboard.

Hardware

Device Make/model Status Bus ID Kernel driver(s) Kernel version Notes
CPU AMD Ryzen 5 2500U Works N/A N/A 5.4.30
Video AMD Radeon Vega 8 Works 05:00.0 amdgpu 5.4.30 Integrated graphics
Audio AMD Raven/Raven2/Fenghuang HDMI/DP Audio Controller Works 05:00.1 snd_hda_intel 5.4.40
Audio AMD Family 17h (Models 10h-1fh) HD Audio Controller Works 05:00.1 snd_hda_intel 5.4.40
NVME controller Samsung SM961/PM961 Works 01:00.0 nvme 5.4.30
SATA controller AMD FCH SATA Controller Works 06:00.0 ahci 5.4.30
SD/MMC Card Reader O2 Micro Works 03:00.0 sdhci_pci 5.4.30
USB AMD Raven USB 3.1 Works 05:00.3/4 xhci_hcd 5.4.30
Ethernet Realtek RTL8111GUS Works 02:00.0 r8169 5.4.30 Gigabit LAN 10/100/1000 Mb/s
Wireless LAN Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 Works 04.00.0 ath10k_pci 5.4.30 802.11ac
SMBus AMD FCH SMBus Controller (rev 61) Works 00:14.0 piix4_smbus, i2c_piix4, sp5100_tco 5.4.30
Camera Chicony, ID 04f2:b604 Works USB Bus 003 Device 003 uvcvideo 5.4.30 720p
Bluetooth Qualcomm Atheros Bluetooth Device ID 0cf3:e500 Works USB Bus 003 Device 002 btusb 5.4.30

Installation

The installation is per the Gentoo AMD64 handbook.

Some specific configuration options are:

  • If sys-kernel/gentoo-sources is emerged with the "experimental" USE flag, then it is possible to set the processor family to "AMD Zen"
  • Enable the kernel modules for encryption using SSE3 and AES instructions, see Iwd for an example of the options to enable
  • AMDGPU graphics, configuring the drivers for the Vega family
  • USB support, configuring xHCI, EHCI
  • Audio according to ALSA and optionally PulseAudio. Make sure to enable build Realtek HD-audio codec support.

Kernel configuration

CPU

  • Microarchitecture: Zen
  • Processor core: Raven Ridge

Enable AMD specific kernel options, load the required microcode, and enable the crypto instructions.


KERNEL CPU
[*] 64-bit kernel 
    Processor type and features  ---> 
        -*- Intel SoC IOSF Sideband support for SoC platforms 
            Processor family (AMD Zen)  --->
        (8) Maximum number of CPUs
        [*] Multi-core scheduler support
        [*] Machine Check / overheating reporting 
        [*]   AMD MCE features
        [*] CPU microcode loading support
        [*]   AMD microcode loading support
        <*> /dev/cpu/*/msr - Model-specific register support
        <*> /dev/cpu/*/cpuid - CPU information support
        [*] AMD Secure Memory Encryption (SME) support 
    Power management and ACPI options  --->  
        CPU Frequency scaling  ---> 
            Default CPUFreq governor (performance)  --->  
            -*-   'performance' governor
            <M>   Processor Clocking Control interface driver
            <*>   ACPI Processor P-States driver
            <*>   AMD Opteron/Athlon64 PowerNow
            <*>   AMD frequency sensitivity feedback powersave bias
    Device Drivers  --->
        Generic Driver Options  --->
            Firmware loader  --->
                -*- Firmware loading facility
                (amd-ucode/microcode_amd_fam17h.bin amd/amd_sev_fam17h_model0xh.sbin) Build named firmware blobs into the kernel binary
                (/lib/firmware) Firmware blobs root directory
-*- Cryptographic API  ---> 
    <M> Parallel crypto engine
    <*> CRC32c INTEL hardware acceleration 
    <M> SHA1 digest algorithm (SSSE3/AVX/AVX2/SHA-NI)
    <M> SHA256 digest algorithm (SSSE3/AVX/AVX2/SHA-NI)
    <M> SHA512 digest algorithm (SSSE3/AVX/AVX)
    <*> AES cipher algorithms (AES-NI)
    <M> Triple DES EDE cipher algorithm (x86-64)

PCI Express

KERNEL PCI Express
Device Drivers --->
    [*] PCI support  ---> 
        [*] PCI Express Port Bus support
        [*]   PCI Express Advanced Error Reporting support 
Bus options (PCI etc.)  --->
    [*] Support mmconfig PCI config space access
    [*] Mark VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer


Storage controllers

Configure SATA and NMVe drivers as built-in. The memory card driver can be built in as module.


KERNEL Storage controllers
Device Drivers --->
        NVME Support  ---> 
        <*> NVM Express block device  
    <*> Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers (libata)  --->
        [*] ATA ACPI Support
        <*> AHCI SATA support
    <M> MMC/SD/SDIO card support  --->
        <M> MMC block device driver
        <M> Secure Digital Host Controller Interface support
        <M>   SDHCI support on PCI bus
        -M- Command Queue Host Controller Interface support

Video

KERNEL Video
Device Drivers --->
    Graphics support  --->
    <M> Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support)  --->
    <M> AMD GPU
    [*] HSA kernel driver for AMD GPU device 
    <M> Virtual GEM provider
    <M> DisplayLink

Note that the AMD GPU also needs firmware, which will be loaded automatically if the driver is built as a module.

root #dmesg | grep firmware | grep drm
[    4.046891] [drm] Found VCN firmware Version ENC: 1.9 DEC: 1 VEP: 0 Revision: 28
[    4.046906] [drm] PSP loading VCN firmware

Sound

KERNEL Sound
Device Drivers --->
    <*> Sound card support  --->
        <M> Advanced Linux Sound Architecture --->
            <M> HR-timer backend support
            <*> PCI sound devices --->
                <M> Intel/SiS/nVidia/AMD/ALi AC97 Controller
                <M> Intel/SiS/nVidia/AMD MC97 Modem
             HD-Audio  --->
                <M> Build Realtek HD-audio codec support
                <M> Build HDMI/DisplayPort HD-audio codec support


USB

KERNEL USB
Device Drivers --->
    [*] USB support --->
        <*> Support for Host-side USB
        <M> xHCI HCD (USB 3.0) support 
        <M> EHCI HCD (USB 2.0) support


Network

Configure support for both ethernet and wifi


KERNEL Network
Device Drivers --->
    [*] Network device support --->
        [*] Ethernet driver support  --->
        [*] Realtek devices
            <M> Realtek 8169/8168/8101/8125 ethernet support
    {M} PHY Device support and infrastructure  --->
        -M- Realtek PHYs
    [*] Wireless LAN  --->
        [*] Atheros/Qualcomm devices
        <M>   Atheros 802.11ac wireless cards support
        <M>   Atheros ath10k PCI support

Camera

KERNEL Camera
Device Drivers --->
<M> Multimedia support  ---> 
    [*] Media Controller API
    [*] V4L2 sub-device userspace API
    [*] Media USB Adapters  ---> 
        <M> USB Video Class (UVC) 
        [*]   UVC input events device support
        <M> GSPCA based webcams  --->
        [*] V4L platform devices  --->
        [*] Autoselect ancillary drivers (tuners, sensors, i2c, spi, frontends) 
[*] USB support  --->  
    <M> USB Gadget Support  ---> 
        <M> USB Gadget functions configurable through configfs
        <M> USB Webcam Gadget


Sensors

Sensors are provided through:

  • CPU
  • GPU
  • Thinkpad


KERNEL Sensors
Device Drivers --->
    <*> Hardware Monitoring support  --->
        <M> AMD Family 10h+ temperature sensor
    [*] X86 Platform Specific Device Drivers  --->
        <M> ThinkPad ACPI Laptop Extras

Portage make.conf

Many options of Gentoo are set in /etc/portage/make.conf. Some of the key aspects are:

FILE /etc/portage/make.conf
CFLAGS="-march=znver1 -O2 -pipe
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
VIDEO_CARDS="amdgpu radeonsi"
CPU_FLAGS_X86="aes avx avx2 f16c fma3 mmx mmxext pclmul popcnt sha sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 sse4a ssse3"
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