Iwlwifi
iwlwifi 는 인텔의 현재 무선 네트워크 칩을 구동하는 무선 네트워크 장치 드라이버입니다.
커널
동작하게 하려면 일부 커널 설정이 필요합니다. (장치에 따라) 드라이버에서 802.11a/b/g/n/ac를 지원하므로, IEEE 802.11를 활성화해야 합니다.
IEEE 802.11
Activate at least cfg80211 and mac80211.
[*] Networking support --->
[*] Wireless --->
<M> cfg80211 - wireless configuration API
[ ] nl80211 testmode command
[ ] enable developer warnings
[ ] cfg80211 certification onus
[*] enable powersave by default
[ ] cfg80211 DebugFS entries
[ ] support CRDA
[ ] cfg80211 wireless extensions compatibility
<M> Generic IEEE 802.11 Networking Stack (mac80211)
[ ] Minstrel
*** Some wireless drivers require a rate control algorithm ***
[ ] Enable mac80211 mesh networking (pre-802.11s) support
-*- Enable LED triggers
[ ] Export mac80211 internals in DebugFS
[ ] Trace all mac80211 debug messages
[ ] Select mac80211 debugging features ----
iwlwifi brings its own rate control algorithm iwl-agn-rs, see #dmesg.
In case the wireless configuration API (CONFIG_CFG80211) is built into the kernel (
<*>) instead as a module (<M>), the driver won't be able to load regulatory.db from /lib/firmware resulting in broken regulatory domain support. Please set CONFIG_CFG80211=m or add regulatory.db and regulatory.db.p7s to CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE.
iwlwifi 장치 드라이버
인텔의 현재 무선 네트워크 칩에 이 드라이버를 사용하십시오. 여기에 나타난대로 모듈<M>로 설정하십시오. 또한 펌웨어 표의 모듈 칸에서 필요한 내용에 따라 DVM 옵션 또는 MVM 옵션을 수정하십시오.
Device Drivers --->
[*] Network device support --->
--- Network device support
[*] Wireless LAN --->
--- Wireless LAN
< > Marvell 8xxx Libertas WLAN driver support with thin firmware
< > Cisco/Aironet 34X/35X/4500/4800 ISA and PCI cards
< > Atmel at76c50x chipset 802.11b support
< > Atmel at76c503/at76c505/at76c505a USB cards
< > Intersil Prism GT/Duette/Indigo PCI/Cardbus (DEPRECATED)
< > USB ZD1201 based Wireless device support
< > Wireless RNDIS USB support
< > Realtek 8180/8185/8187SE PCI support
< > Realtek 8187 and 8187B USB support
< > ADMtek ADM8211 support
< > Simulated radio testing tool for mac80211
< > Marvell 88W8xxx PCI/PCIe Wireless support
< > Atheros Wireless Cards ----
< > Broadcom 43xx wireless support (mac80211 stack)
< > Broadcom 43xx-legacy wireless support (mac80211 stack)
< > Broadcom IEEE802.11n PCIe SoftMAC WLAN driver
< > Broadcom IEEE802.11n embedded FullMAC WLAN driver
< > IEEE 802.11 for Host AP (Prism2/2.5/3 and WEP/TKIP/CCMP)
< > Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 Network Connection
< > Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG and 2915ABG Network Connection
<M> Intel Wireless WiFi Next Gen AGN - Wireless-N/Advanced-N/Ultimate-N (iwlwifi)
<M> Intel Wireless WiFi DVM Firmware support (NEW)
<M> Intel Wireless WiFi MVM Firmware support (NEW)
*** WARNING: iwlwifi is useless without IWLDVM or IWLMVM ***
[ ] Enable broadcast filtering
[ ] enable U-APSD by default
Debugging Options --->
< > Intel Wireless WiFi 4965AGN (iwl4965)
< > Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG/BG Network Connection (iwl3945)
< > Marvell 8xxx Libertas WLAN driver support
< > Hermes chipset 802.11b support (Orinoco/Prism2/Symbol)
< > Softmac Prism54 support
< > Ralink driver support ----
< > Realtek rtlwifi family of devices ----
[ ] TI Wireless LAN support ----
< > ZyDAS ZD1211/ZD1211B USB-wireless support
< > Marvell WiFi-Ex Driver
< > CW1200 WLAN support
< > Redpine Signals Inc 91x WLAN driver support
커널에 드라이버를 모듈(
<M>) 대신 넣는 방식(<*>)으로 빌드하면, 펌웨어도 커널에 넣어 빌드해야합니다. 내장 설정 활용 섹션을 확인하십시오.
커널 설정을 바꾸고 나면 커널 재 빌드를 잊지 마십시오.
After rebuilding the kernel and rebooting with this kernel, the selected options can be verified as follows:
Support for the /proc/config.gz pseudo-file can be enabled through the Kernel/IKCONFIG support feature.
user $zgrep 'IWLWIFI\|IWLDVM\|IWLMVM' /proc/config.gz펌웨어
이 표en에 나온 대로 개별 장치의 펌웨어가 필요합니다. sys-kernel/linux-firmware 꾸러미와 장치별 sys-firmware/iwlxxxx-*ucode 꾸러미로 있습니다.
root #emerge --ask sys-kernel/linux-firmware내장 설정 활용
모듈(<M>)대신 커널 내장형으로 드라이버를 빌드하면, 펌웨어도 커널에 넣어en 빌드해야합니다.
Device Drivers --->
Generic Driver Options --->
-*- Userspace firmware loading support
[ ] Include in-kernel firmware blobs in kernel binary
(iwlwifi-xxxx.ucode) External firmware blobs to build into the kernel binary
(/lib64/firmware) Firmware blobs root directory
[ ] Fallback user-helper invocation for firmware loading
이 경우 iwlwifi-xxxx.ucode 대신 정확한 펌웨어 이름으로 바꾸십시오. FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER_FALLBACK 설정 변수에 몇가지 사항을 확인해봐야 할 수도 있습니다.
Optional: savedconfig
The savedconfig USE flag could be set for Linux firmware in order to avoid unneeded stuff in /lib/firmware/.
As for example the Intel® Centrino® Advanced-N 6205 needs iwlwifi-6000g2a-ucode while anything else may be commented out or deleted.
/etc/portage/savedconfig/sys-kernel/linux-firmwareTake care that version number is removediwlwifi-6000g2a-5.ucode iwlwifi-6000g2a-6.ucode
In order to not lose these settings on next firmware update the version number needs to be removed:
user $cd /etc/portage/savedconfig/sys-kernelroot #mv linux-firmware{-20200316,} 네트워크 장치 이름
Network device names such as eth0 or wlan0 as provided by the kernel are normally changed on system boot (see dmesg) by the /lib/udev/rules.d/80-net-name-slot.rules udev rule.
To keep the classic naming this rule can be overwritten with an equally named empty file in the /etc/udev/rules.d directory:
root #touch /etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-name-slot.rules
Testing
After a reboot with the new kernel or after loading the modules, the device can be checked for availability by using following methods:
- Using the /sys file system
- Using the ip command
- Using the ifconfig command
- Using the iw command
/sys file system
Get the device name by listing the /sys/class/net directory contents using ls -al or the tree command (provided by the app-text/tree package):
user $tree /sys/class/net/sys/class/net/ ├── enp2s14 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1e.0/0000:02:0e.0/net/enp2s14 ├── lo -> ../../devices/virtual/net/lo ├── sit0 -> ../../devices/virtual/net/sit0 └── wlp8s0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.0/0000:08:00.0/net/wlp8s0
ip command
To obtain the device name and verify that the wireless card is detected, execute the following ip command:
user $ip addr3: wlan0: ...
ifconfig command
The ifconfig command is provided through the sys-apps/net-tools package. Use ifconfig -a to list all detected network cards, even those that are not enabled/active yet:
user $ifconfig -awlan0 ...
A network card can be activated as follows:
root #ifconfig -v wlan0 upSIOCSIFFLAGS: Operation not possible due to RF-kill WARNING: at least one error occurred. (-1)
In this example, enabling the wireless card failed as a radio frequency kill state is set (usually to keep power consumption at bay and not connect by accident to a wireless network).
iw command
If the wireless network card driver supports the nl80211 stack, then the iw command as offered by the net-wireless/iw package can show the detected wireless cards:
root #iw devphy#0 Interface wlan0 ifindex 4 type managed
modprobe와 modinfo
modprobe 에서는 어떤 결과도 나오지 말아야 합니다:
root #modprobe iwlwifi드라이버 모듈에 대한 자세한 내용은 modinfo iwlwifi 명령에서 확인할 수 있습니다.
user $modinfo iwlwifilspci
lspci 명령에서 Kernel driver in use:와 Kernel modules: 두 부분에 iwlwifi가 나타나야합니다.
root #lspci -kxx:xx.x Network controller: Intel Corporation Wireless xxxx
Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi
Kernel modules: iwlwifi
xx:xx.x 식별자는 dmesg에서 지정 정보를 찾아볼 때 쓸만합니다.
dmesg
dmesg 출력 내용을 확인하십시오. xx:xx.x를 lspci 정보에 해당하는 내용으로 바꾸십시오.
user $dmesg | grep -i 'xx:xx.x\|wlan\|iwl\|80211'문제 해결
Kernel not loaded
Check if the correct kernel is loaded. This can be accomplished as follows (depends on the IKCONFIG feature):
user $zgrep CONFIG_IWL /proc/config.gz펌웨어 문제
- udev 또는 systemd를 사용하는 시스템에는 커널에서 바이너리 블롭을 불러오도록 설정해야합니다. 이 경우, 무선 카드 펌웨어는 불러와야 할 펌웨어입니다. 이 방식으로 커널을 설정하는 자세한 방법은 젠투 포럼의 다음 스레드에서 찾아볼 수 있습니다: FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER_FALLBACK.
무선 연결이 동작하지 않네요
- Intel Corporation Wireless 8260 (rev 3a) can't access the RSA semaphore it is write protected
Device Drivers --->
[*] PCI support --->
[*] Network device support --->
[*] Message Signaled Interrupts (MSI and MSI-X)
No internet connection
If you can connect to an access point, but still can't connect to any server or get any connection to the internet it might be worth a try to disable 802.11n and/or enable software encryption. You can pass the 11n_disable=1 or 11n_disable=8 and/or swcrypto=1 option to the iwlwifi module. In order to pass the option automatically on module load create the file /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf as follows:
/etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.confDisabling 802.11n, enabling software cryptooptions iwlwifi 11n_disable=1 swcrypto=1
In newer kernels, inspected as of 5.3.7, setting 11n_disable=1 (or masked with 0x01) will result in 802.11ac being disabled. This will limit the device to a maximum of 54Mbit throughput.