iproute2
iproute2 is a tool developed to unify network interface configuration, routing, and tunneling for Linux systems.
iproute2 provides the ip command for this purpose.
Installation
USE flags
USE flags for sys-apps/iproute2 kernel routing and traffic control utilities
atm
|
Enable Asynchronous Transfer Mode protocol support |
berkdb
|
build programs that use berkdb (just arpd) |
bpf
|
Use dev-libs/libbpf |
caps
|
Use Linux capabilities library to control privilege |
elf
|
support loading eBPF programs from ELFs (e.g. LLVM's eBPF backend) |
iptables
|
include support for iptables filtering |
minimal
|
only install ip and tc programs, without eBPF support |
nfs
|
Support RPC lookups via net-libs/libtirpc in ss |
selinux
|
!!internal use only!! Security Enhanced Linux support, this must be set by the selinux profile or breakage will occur |
split-usr
|
Enable behavior to support maintaining /bin, /lib*, /sbin and /usr/sbin separately from /usr/bin and /usr/lib* |
Emerge
sys-apps/iproute2 is part of the system set.
root #emerge --ask sys-apps/iproute2Usage
IPv4 and IPv6 support
iproute2 supports both IP address families, IPv4 and IPv6. By default the ip command refers only to IPv4 protocol, explicit IP address family namimng for IPv4 ip -4 is also possible. IPv6 uses the ip -6 command.
Listing interfaces
Use ip link for displaying the interface link of all interfaces:
user $ip link1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 00:22:68:13:da:7d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1e:65:6b:ef:ca brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
Showing IP addressing
Either ip addr for displaying all IP information of all interfaces, or use ip address show for displaying the configuraton of a specific interface with assigned IP address:
user $ip addr show wlan03: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1e:65:6b:ef:ca brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.0.2.10/24 brd 192.0.2.255 scope global wlan0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Activating interfaces
Interface links can be activated and deactivated (respectively) using the set subcommand:
root #ip link set wlan0 down
root #ip link set eth0 up
Configuring IP addressing
Removing IP addressesing from the wlan0 interface:
root #ip addr del 192.0.2.10/24 dev wlan0Adding IP addressing to the eth0 interface:
root #ip addr add 192.0.2.11/24 dev eth0
root #ip -6 addr add 2001:db8::11/64 dev eth0
Configure IP routing
Adding IP default route for both IP address families, IPv4 and IPv6:
root #ip route add default via 192.0.2.1
root #ip -6 route add default via fe80::1
Display the IPv4 routing table information:
user $ip route default via 192.0.2.1 dev eth0 metric 2 127.0.0.0/8 via 127.0.0.1 dev lo 192.0.2.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.0.2.11
Display the IPv6 routing table information:
user $ip -6 route2001:db8::10/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 2003 mtu 1492 fe80::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 pref medium ff00::/8 dev eth0 metric 256 default via fe80::1 dev eth0 metric 2003 mtu 1492
iproute2 for net-tools swappers
The following table can be used as a reference point for substituting commands from the sys-apps/net-tools package for the equivalent sys-apps/iproute2 commands:
| net-tools | iproute2 |
|---|---|
| ifconfig (interface list) | ip link |
| ifconfig (ip configuration) | ip addr |
| ifconfig (interface stats) | ip -s link |
| route | ip route |
| arp | ip neigh |
| brctl addbr | ip link add ... type bridge |
| brctl addif | ip link set master |
| netstat | ss |
| netstat -g | ip maddr |
| netstat -i | ip -s link |
| netstat -r | ip route |
| iptunnel | ip tunnel |
| ipmaddr | ip maddr |
| tunctl | ip tuntap[1] |
| (none) for interface rename | ip link set dev OLDNAME name NEWNAME |
| brctl | bridge[2] |
See also
- Static routing — covers routing of the IP protocol in the Linux kernel.