BIRD
From Gentoo Wiki
BIRD (recursive acronym for BIRD Internet Routing Daemon) is a routing daemon implementing OSPF, RIPv2 & BGP, Babel for IP on Unix-like operating systems.
Installation
USE flags
USE flags for net-misc/bird A routing daemon implementing OSPF, RIPv2 & BGP for IPv4 & IPv6
client
|
Build the ncurses/readline full featured CLI |
custom-cflags
|
Build with user-specified CFLAGS (unsupported) |
debug
|
Enable extra debug codepaths, like asserts and extra output. If you want to get meaningful backtraces see https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:Quality_Assurance/Backtraces |
filecaps
|
Use Linux file capabilities to control privilege rather than set*id (this is orthogonal to USE=caps which uses capabilities at runtime e.g. libcap) |
libssh
|
Enables net-libs/libssh binding, mendatory for RPKI support |
Emerge
root #emerge --ask net-misc/birdConfiguration
Extract the default bird example configuration file:
root #bzcat /usr/share/doc/bird-2.*/bird.conf.example.bz2 >/etc/bird.confContent of the default configration file, without comments:
FILE
/etc/bird.conflog syslog all;
protocol device {
}
protocol direct {
}
protocol kernel {
};
}
protocol kernel {
ipv6 { export all; };
}
protocol static {
}
Adjust the daemon configuration file to run as bird default system user/group:
FILE
/etc/conf.d/bird# /etc/init.d/bird
# Options to pass to the bird process
# See https://bird.network.cz/?get_doc&v=20&f=bird-1.html#ss1.3
# BIRD_GROUP and BIRD_USER will be appended to BIRD_OPTS
BIRD_GROUP="bird"
BIRD_USER="bird"
#BIRD_OPTS=""
Add larry to the bird system group:
root #gpasswd -a larry birdFiles
- /etc/bird.conf - Global (system wide) configuration file.
- /etc/conf.d/bird - System daemon configuration file.
Service
OpenRC
Start the daemon:
root #rc-service bird startAdd the daemon to the default bootup routine:
root #rc-update add bird defaultsystemd
There is no systemd unit installed by the package at the moment.
Note
If the main routing table is large, you may want to remove the myhostname module from the host entry in /etc/nsswitch.conf to avoid slow DNS lookups [1]
If the main routing table is large, you may want to remove the myhostname module from the host entry in /etc/nsswitch.conf to avoid slow DNS lookups [1]
Usage
Invocation
To configure and operate BIRD, the routing daemon, use the birdc client:
user $birdcShow basic mode commands, use the ? key for displaying help:
bird>?
quit Quit the client exit Exit the client help Description of the help system show ... Show status information dump ... Dump debugging information eval <expr> Evaluate an expression echo ... Control echoing of log messages disable (<protocol> | "<pattern>" | all) [message] Disable protocol enable (<protocol> | "<pattern>" | all) [message] Enable protocol restart (<protocol> | "<pattern>" | all) [message] Restart protocol reload <protocol> | "<pattern>" | all Reload protocol debug ... Control protocol debugging via BIRD logs mrtdump ... Control protocol debugging via MRTdump files restrict Restrict current CLI session to safe commands configure ... Reload configuration down Shut the daemon down graceful restart Shut the daemon down for graceful restart bird>
show
Use the show status command, to verify the BIRD daemon is up and running:
bird>show status
BIRD 2.0.12 Router ID is 192.0.2.1 Hostname is gentoobird Current server time is 2023-10-08 19:02:39.392 Last reboot on 2023-10-08 18:41:26.247 Last reconfiguration on 2023-10-08 18:41:26.247 Daemon is up and running
configure
Use the configure ? to show basic routing configuration commands:
bird>configure ?
configure ["<file>"] [timeout [<sec>]] Reload configuration configure soft ["<file>"] [timeout [<sec>]] Reload configuration and ignore changes in filters configure timeout [<sec>] Reload configuration with undo timeout configure confirm Confirm last configuration change - deactivate undo timeout configure undo Undo last configuration change configure status Show configuration status configure check ["<file>"] Parse configuration and check its validity
verify
Use the configure check command, to verify the current, running BIRD configuration file is sane:
bird>configure check
Reading configuration from /etc/bird.conf Configuration OK
Use the show ? to display more IP routing and system verification commands:
bird>show ?
show status Show router status show memory Show memory usage show protocols [<protocol> | "<pattern>"] Show routing protocols show interfaces Show network interfaces show route ... Show routing table show symbols ... Show all known symbolic names show bfd ... Show information about BFD protocol show babel ... Show information about Babel protocol show ospf ... Show information about OSPF protocol show rip ... Show information about RIP protocol show static [<name>] Show details of static protocol
Unmerge
root #emerge --ask --depclean --verbose net-misc/birdSee also
- iproute2 — a tool developed to unify network interface configuration, routing, and tunneling for Linux systems.
- static_routing — covers routing of the IP protocol in the Linux kernel.
- Frr — a set of unified tools to configure and manage dynamic routing protocols.