手册：AMD64/块/内核

This page is a translated version of the page Handbook:AMD64/Blocks/Kernel and the translation is 78% complete.

Outdated translations are marked like this.

架构特有的内核配置

如果要支持32位程序，请确保选择IA32 Emulation(CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION)。Gentoo 默认会安装一个multilib 系统（混合 32 位/ 64 位计算），所以除非使用了一个 no-multilib 配置文件，否则这个选项是必需的。

内核 选择处理器类型和功能

Processor type and features  --->
   [ ] Machine Check / overheating reporting 
   [ ]   Intel MCE Features
   [ ]   AMD MCE Features
   Processor family (AMD-Opteron/Athlon64)  --->
      ( ) Opteron/Athlon64/Hammer/K8
      ( ) Intel P4 / older Netburst based Xeon
      ( ) Core 2/newer Xeon
      ( ) Intel Atom
      ( ) Generic-x86-64
Binary Emulations --->
   [*] IA32 Emulation

如果在分区时使用GPT分区标签，则启用对它的支持 (CONFIG_PARTITION_ADVANCED and CONFIG_EFI_PARTITION)：

内核 启用对GPT的支持

-*- Enable the block layer --->
   Partition Types --->
      [*] Advanced partition selection
      [*] EFI GUID Partition support

如果使用 UEFI 来引导系统，则在内核中启用 EFI stub 支持，EFI 变量和 EFI 帧缓冲器。（CONFIG_EFI，CONFIG_EFI_STUB，CONFIG_EFI_MIXED，CONFIG_EFI_VARS和CONFIG_FB_EFI）：

内核 启用对UEFI的支持

Processor type and features  --->
    [*] EFI runtime service support 
    [*]   EFI stub support
    [*]     EFI mixed-mode support
 
Device Drivers
    Firmware Drivers  --->
        EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) Support  --->
            <*> EFI Variable Support via sysfs
    Graphics support  --->
        Frame buffer Devices  --->
            <*> Support for frame buffer devices  --->
                [*]   EFI-based Framebuffer Support

内核 Enabling SOF Firmware support (CONFIG_SND_SOC_SOF_TOPLEVEL, CONFIG_SND_SOC_SOF_PCI, CONFIG_SND_SOC_SOF_ACPI, CONFIG_SND_SOC_SOF_AMD_TOPLEVEL, CONFIG_SND_SOC_SOF_INTEL_TOPLEVEL)

Device Drivers --->
  Sound card support --->
    Advanced Linux Sound Architecture --->
      <M> ALSA for SoC audio support --->
        [*] Sound Open Firmware Support --->
            <M> SOF PCI enumeration support
            <M> SOF ACPI enumeration support
            <M> SOF support for AMD audio DSPs
            [*] SOF support for Intel audio DSPs

编译和安装

当配置完成，是时间来编译和安装内核了。退出配置并开始编译过程：

root #make && make modules_install

附注
还可以启用并行生成使用make -jX，X是一个生成过程中所允许运行的并行任务的整数。这类似于早期有关/etc/portage/make.conf的中关于MAKEOPTS变量的介绍。

当内核完成编译，复制内核镜像到/boot/。这由make install命令来处理：

root #make install

这将复制内核镜像到/boot/，一起的还有System.map文件和内核配置文件。