C++
C++ is a general-purpose programming language that originated from C and was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs in the early 1980s. Known for its efficiency and flexibility, C++ supports both procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.
Compilers
Several compilers are commonly used for C++ development:
1. GCC (GNU Compiler Collection): An open-source compiler suite known for portability and widely used on Unix-based systems.
2. Clang: An open-source compiler developed by the LLVM project, known for fast compilation and modular architecture.
3. Microsoft Visual C++: Provided by Microsoft as part of the Visual Studio IDE, widely used for Windows development.
4. Intel C++ Compiler: Optimized for Intel processors, known for performance optimizations.
C++ Standards
C++ has undergone several standardization efforts:
- C++98: The initial standardized version. (ISO/IEC 14882:1998)
- C++03: An incremental update addressing issues and adding features.
- C++11: Major update introducing auto type, lambda expressions, and more.
- C++14: Incremental update with bug fixes and improvements.
- C++17: Adds parallel algorithms, std::variant, and file system library.
- C++20: Latest major update, introducing concepts, ranges, and coroutines.