PC speaker

Resources

Wikipedia

GitWeb (Kernel driver)

The PC speaker is more commonly referred to the speaker located on the motherboard. Nowadays this speaker is usually a simple piezoelectric speaker providing just enough speaker hardware to distinguish simple frequency and tones of beeps. Beeps usually occur on error, but can be customized as this article will document.

Installation

Make sure the motherboard has two pins for the PC speaker, as well as being connected to a small speaker or piezoelectric speaker.

Kernel

Build the Linux kernel module, named INPUT_PCSPKR:

KERNEL Enabling INPUT_PCSPKR

Device Drivers -->
   Input device support -->
      Miscellaneous devices -->
         <M> PC Speaker support

If the kernel has been built with pcspkr as a module, it can be disabled using the modprobe blacklist, by adding a line with blacklist pcspkr to /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf, preventing this module from being used. The module can be immediately disabled with:

root #rmmod pcspkr

Note
If using an initramfs, it must be updated with this configuration, or the module may still be loaded.

PC speaker configuration files and settings

Baselayout file

The sys-apps/baselayout package provides a template /etc/inputrc file for users. This /etc/inputrc and respective ~/.inputrc file(s) are referenced by Bash's readline program, for further configuring or optimizing readline.

FILE /etc/inputrc

#set bell-style none
set bell-style audible

Util-Linux utility

While within the Linux console or terminal, use the following:

user $setterm -blength <0-2000>

user $setterm -bfreq freqnumber

Xorg xset utility

While within Xorg, use the following.

Query current xset options:

user $xset q

user $xset b 100

For users of the old PC keyboards having a speaker, users can easily activate a typewriting sound effect after each key press by doing:

user $xset c on

user $xset c 100

user $xset q

Should show "key click percent: 100", for key clicks being activated.

Screen

By default, screen enables audible bell style, unless visual style is activated. So disable visual style:

FILE ${HOME}/.screenrc

#vbell on

From within GNU Screen, pressing Ctrl+a+Ctrl+g can switch visual or audible bell styles.

Beep

There's a program which simplifies playing and customizing frequencies of beeps through the PC Speaker:

root #emerge --ask app-misc/beep

xkbutils

For historical purposes, providing only a simple bell or monotone beep, xkbbell:

root #emerge --ask x11-apps/xkbutils

Using the PC speaker

On demand via console or script

On demand use of the PC speaker can be accomplished by using a simple echo statement using an escape sequence indicating the command line terminal to process a beep.

user $echo -e '\a'

This echo statement is commonly placed within scripts and programs, to either indicate the task has finished, or has exited on error.

Johnath's beep

Johnath's beep utility, mentioned above and provided by the Gentoo app-misc/beep package, provides frequency, length, delay, along with a few other much desired features. However it seems to lack volume control. Perhaps the volume might be muddled in with the frequency of the beep.

user $beep -f 700 -l 30

See the bottom of the beep's manual page for further examples.

Typewriter effect

If you're unfortunate like the many of us nowadays and do not own a keyboard having a speaker for using "xset c", then you'll need to either script or program something, taking the keyboard events and playing a beep or sound.

The following options can either use app-misc/beep for simplicity and using fewer system resources, or use alsa-utils aplay for playing more dramatic effects. (Or insert your other favorite command line media player such as afplay for playing AIFF files.)

Bash

A simple Bash script utilizing app-misc/beep.

Where xinput test argument is your AT Keyboard, extracted from xinput --list, pipe the output to an infinite while variable (or until Ctrl+c is pressed). Read each line via read and perform a REGEX search for lines containing "press" and if found use the beep command.

user $$ xinput --test 10 | while IFS= read -r LINE; do if [[ ${LINE} == *press* ]] && [[ $LINE != *50* ]] ; then beep -f 700 -l 30; fi; done

FIXME: Trying to alias the previous incantation within $HOME/.bashrc within double fails, likely due to *press* not being within quotes. Specifying the incantation within single quotes as an alias works.

FIXME: Trying to pipe the 'xinput' output to 'cut -b 5-' then to the infinite read while loop fails. This would be for using an if/then to omit modifier keys.

FIXME: If further omitting modifier keys (for which would be nice and more realistic), should condense the script to reduce the number of time consuming System or CPU processes.

Vim

Vim can be made to sound like a typewriter as you're typing by a simple vimrc script.

FILE $HOME/.vimrc

" Typewriter Effect
" {
    function! PlaySound()
      silent! exec '!beep -f 700 -l 30 &'
    endfunction

    autocmd CursorMovedI * call PlaySound()
" }

Python

Simple script for test bell:

FILE /path/to/the/script.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
print ("\a")

or:

user $python -c "print(\"\a\")"

Troubleshooting

No PC speaker beeps or sounds

Make sure your motherboard has a speaker pin outputs along with a speaker attached, check your BIOS PC Speaker or BIOS Keyboard settings for older hardware, and make sure the pcspkr module is not blacklisted. Use the setterm and xset utilities above for increasing the beep length, and ensure GNU Screen is not using the visual bell.

Playing musical notes on the PC speaker

See the package app-misc/beep manual page. Toward the end of the beep manual page, is documentation corresponding approximate frequency correlations for each of the musical scale notes.

How do I mute the PC speaker?

Some methods for disabling the PC speaker:

• The easy method, and once and for all solution for muting the PC speaker, add the pcspkr module to your /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf file or omit compiling of the driver within the kernel.
• For temporary or per user disabling, add "set bell-style none" or substitute "visual" for "none" within the /etc/inputrc file or the users $HOME/.inputrc file.
• Other temporary or per user methods include setting the beep length to zero or disabling the bell using setterm and xset utilities.
• If using GNU Screen, Ctrl+a Ctrl+g; or adding vbell off or vbell on within your $HOME/.screenrc; but you'll still have the bell everywhere else unless any of the above are performed.