Kernel/Upgrade/es

Este artículo describe los pasos para actualizar a un nuevo núcleo.

Instalación
Puede que se necesite la actualización del núcleo cuando se instales nuevos fuentes del mismo después de la actualización del sistema o cuando desee instalar nuevas fuentes del núcleo.

Configuración
La configuración se realiza de forma similar a la descrita en la configuración manual ya que únicamente se reutiliza un fichero. Todos los pasos se mencionan aquí en favor de la completitud de la guía, para una explicación más detallada lea el otro artículo.

Ajustar el enlace simbólico
El enlace simbólico debe apuntar siempre a los ficheros fuente del núcleo que se esté utilizando. Esto se puede realizar de tres formas:


 * 1. Instalar los fuentes del núcleo con el ajuste USE symlink activo: Esto hará que  apunte a los nuevos fuentes del núcleo instalado. En caso necesario se puede modificar más tarde mediante los siguientes dos métodos:


 * 2. Ajustar el enlace simbólico con eselect:




 * This outputs the available kernel sources. The asterisk indicates the chosen sources. To change the kernel sources, e.g. to the second entry, do:




 * 3. Ajustar el enlace simbólico manualmente:



Sanitize sources
If you are experiencing build problems while rebuilding the current kernel, it might help to sanitize the kernel sources. Make sure you backup the file first, as the operation will remove it.

Copy previous kernel configuration
The configuration from currently running kernel needs to be copied to the new one. It can be found in several places:


 * In the procfs filesystem, if the kernel option Enable access to .config through /proc/config.gz was activated in your present kernel:




 * In the directory, if you installed the config file there:




 * In the kernel directory of the currently-running kernel:



make oldconfig
Now update the previous config file for your new kernel:

The following configuration parallels that of the text based configuration with make config. For every difference between the kernel versions, it asks if you want to activate the driver or feature. An example:

The string (NEW) at the end of the line marks this option as new. Left to the string in square brackets are the possible answers: Yes, no, module or ? to show the help. The recommend answer is capitalized (here Y). The help explains the option or driver.

Unfortunately make oldconfig doesn't show - next to the help - a lot more information for each option, like the context, so that it is sometimes difficult to give the right answer. In this case the best way to go is to remember the option name and revise it afterwards through one of the graphical kernel configuration tools.

Reinstall external kernel modules
Any external kernel modules, such as binary kernel modules, need to be rebuilt for each new kernel. If the kernel hasn't been built yet, it has to first be prepared for the building of the external kernel modules:

You can rebuild the packages using the @module-rebuild set:

Build
For this step, follow the steps in the manual configuration article.

Removing old kernels
See the kernel removal article.

External resources

 * kernel changelog with some explanations of new features