Cinnamon/ru

Cinnamon - это современное окружение рабочего стола с традиционным интерфейсом, как у GNOME 2, LXDE или Xfce, что вполне может быть удобным для работы. Cinnamon хорошо выглядит и имеет много функциональных возможностей. Cinnamon - это форк Gnome Shell и разработаны для Linux Mint. Он доступен для архитектур и.

Предварительные требования
Cinnamon хорошо работает как с systemd так и без него. Для установки без systemd зависимостей используйте для переключения на не-Gnome профиль, такой как. Для установки с systemd используйте Gnome профиль, такой как. Архитектура и версия может меняться в обоих случаях.

Для получения списка доступных системных профилей:

OpenRC
При использовании OpenRC выберите подходящий профиль:

It is also possible to use the associated profile number according to the profiles list above:

Read up on the instructions available in the Gentoo Without Systemd article.

Systemd
For Cinnamon with systemd support select the GNOME desktop profile ending in systemd:

Xorg
Of course for Cinnamon to work Xorg must be installed and configured. Make sure an X server is set up before proceeding with this article. If needed, test Xorg as detailed in the Using startx section of the Xorg Gentoo guide.

Cinnamon (and other applications) are internationalized, supporting a number of languages (Linguas). If this was not done during the initial Gentoo installation, add the appropriate language value to the LINGUAS variable in :

It is advised to install and, only with Xorg older than 1.17 version,  as it makes the Cinnamon experience more complete.


 * Если Xorg версии ниже 1.17:


 * Запустите если Xorg 1.17:

USE флаги
Можно найти более подробную информацию о Python targets посетив статью проекта Python PYTHON TARGETS.

Some USE flags,,   and  , are needed by Cinnamon's dependencies. If they are not set already, either allow to create or update  (or, or ) itself, or set the USE flags manually.

Emerge
Наконец, после выполнения всех вышеперечисленных шагов, попросите Portage установить Cinnamon:

System configuration
Before looking at the Cinnamon theming, configure the system to properly start Cinnamon at boot or upon user request, and enable the right privilege delegation settings so that end users can interact with the system in an intuitive manner.

Сервисы
The next set of instructions show how to deal with OpenRC. With systemd use as detailed in the systemd page.

dbus и consolekit
Xorg server and Cinnamon need the and  services, make sure that they will be started at system boot time:

Далее, запустите службы (нет необходимости перезагружать систему):

NetworkManager
NetworkManager is a Cinnamon dependency and is not needed if the network was configured during the initial Gentoo installation. It should not run concurrently with another network service. If NetworkManager is desired be sure to disable other network management programs or services before starting it. For example, if the system was originally configured to use Gentoo's netifrc scripts to manage the network connections, disable these network services:

After removing the other network services, add NetworkManager:

Disabling NetworkManager applet
If NetworkManager is not used, it's applet can be disabled in Cinnamon panel as explained in Arch Linux Wiki Cinnamon page. Copy to, then add the disabling command and finally change file ownership:

Sudo
For an ordinary user to reboot or shutdown the system from Cinnamon, is needed with some settings.

Сперва установите :

Далее отредактируйте настройки с помощью команды :

Visudo runs the default text editor to generate or update a file. Replace  in the text below with the username of each user that will be using Cinnamon:

Или для группы :

Polkit rules and actions
For an ordinary user to perform additional highly privileged actions from Cinnamon, policy kit must be configured. Use to get a list of actions; the names should be self-explanatory:

The simplest way is to authorize all actions by only testing group membership. Put a JavaScript file with a extension in, named for example :

To only authorize some actions, the action names must be iterated. For a group user to suspend, hibernate, shutdown and restart the system, make a  file like so:

Various actions can be added: those to change color profiles, use Nemo (Cinnamon files manager) as root, mount and eject media, set screen backlight, use network manager, change wallpaper, etc. Several  blocks can be used next to each other as well, and several files can be added.

Запуск Cinnamon
Если не используется логин/дисплей менеджер, то создайте файл в домашнем каталоге пользователя:

Для запуска Xorg и Cinnamon запустите после входа в систему:

Если используется менеджер дисплеев, то ознакомьтесь с display manager.

Иконки Mint-X
По умолчанию Cinnamon поставляется с иконками Gnome. Mint-X icons are on GitHub. Загрузите, распакуйте и сохраните иконки в :

Далее обновите кэш:

The new icon set can be selected in Cinnamon Control Center. Mint-X icons are green, but other icon sets with different colors can be installed too, like Mint-X-Grey or Mint-X-Orange. Make sure to create a cache for these as well.

Desktop icons text color
An icon's text color in Cinnamon desktop is black by default, which is not always readable. The instructions to change this color depends on the GTK+ 3 version that the system is using. Get the currently used version with:


 * In GTK+ versions less than 3.13.3, this setting can only be changed system-wide. Change the text color by adding CSS rules to the file (Adwaita is the default theme coming with GTK+), after the   line:


 * The 2nd rule concerns the selected desktop icon and can be modified to get another background color or set the transparency.


 * In more recent GTK+ versions (3.13.3 onward), this must be tuned through a user-specific configuration file. Adwaita is now included in GTK+ as the theme replacing Raleigh, so rules must be set in the user's home directories. The file to edit is (create  directory if needed), and the change is now without the   line. Additionally in this example, the left Nemo side bar is gray colored:

Темы Mint-X
Cinnamon comes with a default cinnamon theme, obviously... The Mint-X themes are available for download on GitHub. Download them, unzip, and copy to if needed. They can be selected in the Cinnamon Control Center.

Playing with themes
Almost all theme settings can be changed in the file in the theme directory.

For example with the Cinnamon theme, which is not in but in, first copy the theme's directory to a user  sub-directory, named for example , which will be the new theme name:

Edit. The results of the changes can be viewed immediately by selecting another theme in Cinnamon Control Center, then reselecting the theme being changed.

Терминалы

 * - Requires no dependencies.
 * - Requires some dependencies but is better featured than.
 * - Doesn't require systemd if  and   USE flags are set for this package.

Популярные приложения из Gnome
A number of popular applications are available as well, built for Gnome and working flawlessly in Cinnamon:


 * стандартный калькулятор
 * утилита для создания скриншотов
 * просмотрщик изображений
 * чтение PDF
 * системный монитор
 * менеджер архивов
 * запись дисков
 * редактор текста

Applications without Gnome
Also working flawlessly in Cinnamon:


 * PDF readers (light) and  (powerfull)
 * light text editor
 * mp3 and video readers (light) and  (powerfull)

Compile and  with   or   USE flags to get a GUI.

Устранение проблем
If problems occur, try to get access to the live error messages. These can be displayed on a separate (virtual) terminal or in a log file. If the messages cannot be found, try starting Cinnamon from the command line rather than through a display manager. Alternatively have a look at.

When the error or warning messages are not sufficient to troubleshoot Cinnamon, start it with the  parameter to get more detailed Xorg messages:

If Cinnamon cannot launch, deleting (or renaming) in the home directory is not enough: other Cinnamon or Gnome items must be deleted (or renamed) too before X restarts. These can be found in the, and  XDG directories. can be deleted (or renamed) entirely.

Ссылки

 * polkit Reference Manual and polkit page
 * The web colors Wikipedia article
 * An extensive Gnome applications list
 * Cinnamon announcements