KDE/ru

KDE is a free software community, producing a wide range of applications including the popular Plasma desktop environment.

Gentoo support for KDE is excellent, with comprehensive packaging of the legacy KDE SC 4, next generation KDE Frameworks, Plasma, and Applications 5, as well as a wide array of other miscellaneous KDE-based software.

Profile
Choosing a KDE desktop profile in case of KDE SC 4 or a Plasma desktop profile in case of Plasma 5, although not required, is recommended as it sets a number of global and package-specific USE flags to ease installation and ensure a smooth KDE experience.

In order to choose the most suitable profile, first list what's available:

Then, select the right profile, substituting  with the appropriate profile number:

For a full KDE desktop environment it is recommended to use the  profile, which is tailored for use with OpenRC. If systemd is used, choose  instead. For Plasma 5 desktop environment choose  with OpenRC or   with systemd.

Сервисы
Перед установкой KDE SC рекомендуется настроить несколько сервисов. Если используется профиль "desktop/kde" или "desktop", то часть работы делается автоматически. Вот необходимые сервисы:
 * D-Bus: Включает использование системы межпроцессного взаимодействия D-Bus.
 * polkit: Включает набор инструментов polkit для контроля привилегий системных сервисов.
 * udev: Включает поддержку динамического и постоянного именования устройств Linux через udev.
 * udisks: Включает поддержку некоторых сервисов, связанных с хранением данных.

Follow the links for information how to set up these services. Note that other USE flag combinations than set in this profile may technically be possible (especially if selected applications are run instead of a full KDE desktop environment), but may be unsupported, untested, or lead to unexpected loss of functionality.

X-сервер
Для установки X-окружения следуйте инструкциям статьи X-сервер.

KDE SC 4
KDE SC 4 is the previous major version of KDE. There is no more feature development, but it is still supported by upstream with bugfix releases. It is considered stable, and is recommended for most users.

Пакеты
In Gentoo there are various packages that will install a KDE environment:
 * , the full KDE suite
 * , a basic KDE environment
 * , a very minimal, effectively unsupported KDE environment (no KDE applications or artwork)

It is usually a good idea to start with the package and install the additional software when needed:

There are other meta packages that can be installed to pull in parts of the KDE suite:
 * : Accessibility applications and utilities.
 * : Administrative utilities, which helps in managing the system.
 * : Extra themes, screensavers, etc.
 * : Bindings for various languages.
 * : Educational applications and games.
 * : Standard desktop games.
 * : Graphics applications such as image viewers, color pickers, etc.
 * : Audio and video playback applications and services.
 * : Network applications and VNC services.
 * : PIM applications such as emailer, addressbook, organizer, etc.
 * : Various development tools.
 * : Toy like applications.
 * : Standard desktop utilities such as a archiver, a calculator, etc.
 * : Web development tools.

Локализация
To localize the KDE installation, install the package. If only a selected few languages needs to set, define the  variable beforehand in

Например, чтобы использовать русский язык, установите:

Для локализации пакетов, включенных в, установите пакет.

также имеет свой собственный пакет локализации:.

Display manager
KDM (KDE Display Manager) is the recommended login manager and is pulled in automatically via.

OpenRC
Установите KDM в качестве менеджера дисплея по умолчанию:

Чтобы запустить KDM при загрузке, добавьте xdm в уровень выполнения по умолчанию:

Для немедленного запуска KDM:

systemd
Enable KDM at boot time through systemctl:

Now start the service:

KDE Frameworks, Plasma, and Applications 5
The next generation of KDE splits the SC into three components, each with their own individual release cycles: KDE Frameworks 5, KDE Plasma 5, and KDE Applications.

Frameworks
KDE Frameworks 5 is a collection of libraries and software frameworks that provide the foundation for KDE Plasma 5 and KDE Applications 5, but may be leveraged by any Qt application.

As Frameworks are mostly libraries and provide little user functionality, it's not necessary to install them manually - the required packages will be pulled in automatically as dependencies.

Plasma
Plasma 5 is the next generation of KDE's desktop environment, based on Qt 5 and KDE Frameworks 5. Upgrading is fairly simple, although it cannot be coinstalled with Plasma 4 due to upstream design decisions.

Note that while Plasma 5 is in a good state, it is still under heavy upstream development and is missing some features present in KDE 4.

Installation information can be found on the upgrade page.

Виджеты
Many useful widget are in the package. For KDE4, use:

For Plasma 5, you may want to use:

Другое ПО из состава KDE
Наиболее важные приложения KDE находятся в дереве портежей и большинство размещается в категориях kde-base и kde-misc.

Смотрите также

 * Полезные советы KDE
 * Устранение проблем с KDE
 * /KDEPIM-4.7 upgrade/
 * KDE-оверлей
 * удаление KDE и очистка системы

Внешние источники

 * Официальная wiki для пользователей KDE
 * Официальный форум KDE
 * KDE-Apps.org
 * KDE-Look.org
 * KDE-Files.org