KDE/es

KDE es una comunidad de software libre, que produce una amplia gama de aplicaciones, incluyendo el conocido entorno de escritorio Plasma.

El soporte para KDE en Gentoo es excelente, con un empaquetado completo de KDE Frameworks 5, Plasma 5 y aplicaciones de KDE 5, así como una amplia gama de programas diversos basados ​​en KDE.

Perfil
La elección de un perfil adecuado es recomendable aunque no obligatorio ya que establece una serie de parámetros USE, tanto globales como para programas específicos, que facilitan la instalación y garantizan una experiencia de KDE sin problemas.

Con el fin de elegir el perfil más adecuado, primero liste los que están disponibles:

A continuación, seleccione el perfil adecuado, sustituyendo  con el número del perfil correspondiente:

Para un completo entorno de escritorio KDE, se recomienda utilizar el perfil, que se adapta para su uso con OpenRC. Si se usa systemd, elija  en su lugar. Para un entorno de escritorio Plasma 5 elija  con OpenRC o   con systemd.

Servicios
Before installing KDE related software it is recommended that several other services are set up first. Part of that is done automatically if a desktop/plasma or desktop profile is used. These services are:
 * D-Bus: Enables use of the D-Bus message bus system.
 * polkit: Enables the polkit framework for controlling privileges for system-wide services.
 * udev: Enables support for udev Linux dynamic and persistent device naming.
 * udisks: Enables support for some storage related services.

Follow the links for information how to set up these services. Note that other USE flag combinations than set in this profile may technically be possible (especially if selected applications are run instead of a full KDE Plasma desktop environment), but may be unsupported, untested, or lead to unexpected loss of functionality.

Servidor X
Lea y siga las instrucciones del artículo X server para configurar el entorno X.

Plasma
Plasma 5 es la actual generación del entorno de escritorio de KDE, basado en Qt 5 y KDE Frameworks 5.

Actualización desde Plasma 4
Información sobre como actualizar desde Plasma 4, migración y resolución de problemas, se puede encontrar en la página de actualización.

Instalación
El paquete proporciona la suit completa de Plasma 5, configurada por los siguientes USE flags:

Alternatively, provides the basic desktop, leaving users free to install only the extra packages they require:

Widgets
Muchos útiles widgets se encuentran en el paquete (el cuál ya es incluido en ):

Gestor de pantallas
SDDM (Simple Desktop Display Manager) is the recommended login manager and is pulled in automatically via by default. This is the preferred option. Alternatively, LightDM can be used and pulled in by setting USE flag  for. Change the setting accordingly in. Also, be sure to read through the SDDM page if further issues appear.

KWallet auto-unlocking
Many users will be introduced to, Plasma's safe password management, while adding a (wireless) network connection after login. On many systems, there will actually be a second KWallet service present - is there to provide the same password storage functions to kdelibs4-based applications. provides a mechanism to avoid being subsequently asked for access to kwallet after login.

It requires the following setup:
 * For KWallet security, use classic blowfish encryption instead of GPG
 * Choose same password for login and kwallet
 * Configure a display manager with support for PAM - both and  fulfill that requirement:

For managing kwallets, importing and exporting passwords, there is :

For managing kwallets for kdelibs4-based applications like kopete or kmail:4:

SSH/GPG Agent startup/shutdown scripts
ssh-agent scripts are located in and. The Keychain article provides more information about this.

Applications
Releases consist of various applications and supporting libraries based on Qt 5/KDE Frameworks 5 as well as Qt 4/KDElibs 4, with the latter still being in long term support mode. In Portage, the distinction is made using slots  and. Porting is an ongoing process where each major release is making inroads to Frameworks 5, and therefore contains both well matured and newly ported applications. Note that it also means potential dependency conflicts when two packages depend on slot 4 and 5 of the same library that can not be installed at the same time - such packages are dropped from *-meta.

Versiones disponibles
KDE Applications is divided in the following meta packages:

Installation
The package provides the full Applications bundle, but alternatively, one or several smaller meta packages from the list above may be picked instead:

Cambiar el idioma
While Frameworks and Plasma are shipping their translations per-package, localization of KDE Applications is provided via separate  packages. The  USE flag is enabled by default for linux profiles, and it is used by KDE Applications meta packages to pull in the necessary dependencies.

If only a select few languages are desired, define the L10N variable in. E.g. to use the German language, set:

To manually install these localization packages instead, use the following (complete) list or pick as desired:

While the first two contain translations for the majority of KDE Applications (slot  and  ), the latter  directly corresponds to - and is only relevant to users of -  or its related packages.

Available versions
In Portage, three variants of the KDE Personal Information Management (KDE PIM) suite (including, , and ) are available.

KDE PIM 4.14.11 and earlier
At the time of writing, the current stable version range is at 4.14.11, which includes an Akonadi-based kmail (also known as kmail2) and is still based on Qt 4/KDElibs 4.

In addition, a "noakonadi fork" is available as version 4.4.2016.01 (also known as kmail1). Adding a mask file to is necessary to get it:

Both variants are beginning to conflict with newer versions of packages. Adding certain per-package USE flag settings can solve some conflicts currently:

KDE PIM 16.12 and later
The latest upstream release based on Qt 5/KF 5 remains testing until it is deemed suitable for stable use, but testing is appreciated. Most, but not all of the codebase has been ported from to  which is based on Chromium's Blink. By default, this package sets and uses the  USE flag, which comes down to a  package dependency, so users preferring  for the rest of their system will need to switch off that USE flag.

Unfortunately, not all of the KDE Applications are compatible yet, with some packages still depending on Qt 4/KDElibs 4 based parts that can not be installed with modern KDE PIM at the same time. That includes, , and possibly other packages outside of the kde-apps category. By default, these packages are no longer installed by.

The following commands will deselect any packages from world that would still depend on these conflicting packages:

Some conflicts with older packages may be solved by adding per-package USE flag settings:

With all that prepared, KDE PIM is ready to be installed:

kdesu5
The utility that is used to run GUI programs as is provided by. If built with USE flag, a graphical frontend to  is installed, which can be used by invoking.

As always, ensure that the command actually needs to run as, versus adding the regular user to the relevant groups or simply just running the command unprivileged.

Frameworks
KDE Frameworks 5 es una colección de bibliotecas y de software frameworks que proporcionan la base para KDE Plasma 5 y las aplicaciones de KDE 5, pero puede ser aprovechado por cualquier aplicación Qt.

Como los frameworks son, en su mayoría, bibliotecas y proporcionan poca funcionalidad de usuario, ello hace que no sea necesaria su instalación de forma manual —los paquetes requeridos serán obtenidos automáticamente, así como sus dependencias—.

Más software para KDE
The most important KDE applications are in the Gentoo repository and many are located in the kde-apps and kde-misc categories.

Véase también

 * KDE troubleshooting - An extended article on troubleshooting KDE.
 * KDE overlay - Instructions on adding Gentoo's KDE overlay.
 * KDE removal and clean up - Instructions on removing and cleaning up KDE.
 * kde-sunset overlay - For old KDE versions that have been removed from the main tree.