KDE/pt-br

"KDE" é um ambiente de trabalho gráfico poderoso para as estações de trabalho Unix.

O suporte do Gentoo para o projeto KDE é excelente, com compreensíveis pacotes KDE Frameworks 5, Plasma 5 e Applications 5, bem como uma grande variedade de outros softwares baseados no KDE.

Perfil
A escolha de um perfil de desktop KDE, embora não seja obrigatório, é recomendado, pois define um número de variáveis globais e específicos de USE para facilitar a instalação e garantir uma experiência suave KDE.

A fim de escolher o perfil mais adequado, execute o seguinte comando para fazer uma lista dos perfis disponíveis:

Em seguida, selecione o perfil correto com o seguinte comando, substituindo  com o número apropriado do perfil:

Para um ambiente completo do desktop KDE, recomenda-se usar o perfil desktop/kde, que é especialmente adaptado para o KDE com OpenRC. Se o KDE com systemd é para ser usado, recomenda-se usar o perfil desktop/kde/systemd, que é especialmente adaptado para o KDE com systemd.

Serviços
Antes de instalar o KDE SC recomenda-se que vários outros serviços são criados em primeiro lugar. Parte do que é feito automaticamente se uma perfil desktop/kde ou desktop é usado. Estes serviços são:
 * D-Bus: Permite o uso do sistema de mensagem de barramento D-Bus,
 * polkit: Permite que o quadro polkit para controlar privilégios para os serviços de todo o sistema.
 * udev: Permite o suporte para dinâmico e persistente nomeação de dispositivos Linux udev.
 * udisks: Permite o suporte para alguns serviços de relacionado a armazenamento.

Session tracker
Choose exactly one of:


 * elogind: Standalone logind package extracted from systemd project for use with OpenRC or other init systems.
 * systemd: Uses the session tracker part of systemd. Users of systemd do not need to take any other initiative here.
 * consolekit: Framework for defining and tracking users, login sessions, and seats. It is currently default for the profile.

For Wayland support, a logind implementation is required. Gentoo provides elogind as an alternative to systemd.

Device manager
Choose exactly one of:


 * eudev: Gentoo's fork of udev with the goal of obtaining better compatibility. It is the default for the profile.
 * udev: Enables support for udev Linux dynamic and persistent device naming.
 * systemd: Uses the device manager part of systemd. Users of systemd do not need to take any other initiative here.

Miscellaneous

 * D-Bus: Enables use of the D-Bus message bus system.
 * polkit: Enables the polkit framework for controlling privileges for system-wide services.
 * udisks: Enables support for some storage related services.

O Servidor X
Leia e siga as instruções no artigo servidor X para configurar o ambiente X.

Package conflicts
KDE Plasma and Applications come with many dependencies. Some of these dependencies will predetermine package choices where otherwise there would be options to choose from.


 * FFmpeg: By default, has USE   enabled, making it depend on . Users preferring  for the rest of their system will need to switch off that flag.
 * JPEG: Since 5.11.1, depends on . It is Gentoo's recommended default over  anyway.

Plasma
O Plasma 5 é a geração atual do ambiente de trabalho do KDE, baseado no Qt 5 e no KDE Frameworks 5.

Instalação
The package provides the full Plasma 5 desktop, configurable by a wealth of USE flags:

Alternatively, provides a very basic desktop, leaving users free to install only the extra packages they require - or rather, figure out missing features on their own:

By default the classic tree view of is not enabled. The following USE flag will enable it:

Recompile systemsettings with new USE flags:

Widgets
Many useful widgets are in the package (already pulled in by ):

Display manager
SDDM (Simple Desktop Display Manager) is the recommended login manager and is pulled in automatically via by default. This is the preferred option. Alternatively, LightDM can be used and pulled in by setting USE flag  for. Change the setting accordingly in. Also, be sure to read through the SDDM page if further issues appear.

SDDM does not yet support multiseat, while LightDM does.

No display manager
Plasma can be started the old-fashioned way with, but extra care needs to be taken to ensure it gets a valid session. The following solution is limited to ConsoleKit:

System tray
Plasma 5 uses the StatusNotifier specification for systray icons. As not all applications have been ported to the new system, some workarounds exist, and Plasma 5 has a means to convert old xembed-based system tray icons to StatusNotifier icons.

Legacy support is enabled by activating  for, which is pulling in.

Pidgin
requires. After install, the Ubuntu Indicator plugin can be found under Tools | Plugins.

KWallet
Many users will be introduced to, Plasma's encrypted password storage, while adding a (wireless) network connection after login or adding E-Mail accounts in.

For managing KWallets, importing and exporting passwords, there is :

KWallet auto-unlocking
provides a mechanism to avoid being subsequently asked for access to kwallet after login.

It requires the following setup:
 * For KWallet security, use classic blowfish encryption instead of GPG
 * Choose same password for login and kwallet
 * Configure a display manager with support for PAM - both and  fulfill that requirement:

Disabling KWallet
To disable the KWallet subsystem completely, edit the following file:

SSH/GPG Agent startup/shutdown scripts
ssh-agent scripts are located in and. The Keychain article provides more information about this.

Run GUI applications with root privileges
KDE Plasma has a utility in order to start graphical programs with root privileges. It is provided by - if built with USE flag , a graphical frontend to  is installed, which can be used by invoking. This can be done either from KRunner or a terminal emulator:

A message dialog will be displayed prompting for the root password.

Applications
Releases consist of various applications and supporting libraries based on Qt 5/KDE Frameworks 5.

Versões disponíveis
KDE Applications is divided in the following meta packages:

Installation
The package provides the full Applications bundle, but alternatively, one or several smaller meta packages from the list above may be picked instead:

Localization
Plasma-5 and Applications are shipping their localization per-package. Enable your localization in systemsettings.

KDE PIM
KDE PIM is a whole suite of applications to manage personal information including mail, calendar, contacts and more. It has several optional runtime dependencies to extend its functionality:


 * Virus detection:
 * Spam filtering: or

Frameworks
KDE Frameworks 5 is a collection of libraries and software frameworks that provide the foundation for KDE Plasma 5 and KDE Applications, but may be leveraged by any Qt application.

As Frameworks are mostly libraries and provide little user functionality, it's not necessary to install them manually - the required packages will be pulled in automatically as dependencies.

Mais softwares KDE
The most important KDE applications are in the Gentoo ebuild repository and many are located in the kde-apps and kde-misc categories.

Troubleshooting
Refer to the Troubleshooting sub-article.

Veja também

 * Plasma 4 to 5 upgrade page - Information on how to upgrade from Plasma 4, migration and troubleshooting.
 * kde-sunset ebuild repository - For old KDE software that has been removed from the main ebuild repository.
 * kde-sunset ebuild repository - For old KDE software that has been removed from the main ebuild repository.

Links Externos

 * Official KDE user wiki
 * Official KDE forum
 * KDE Store (themes, widgets, wallpapers, etc.)