Layman

The layman application is Gentoo's primary overlay management tool, offering centralized repository management for the end user.

With users can manage their overlays in a simple, centralized manner. The layman application provides an overview of available remote overlay repositories and allows the user to select one or more for his system. Once selected, the user can update the repositories (similar to emerge --sync), add his local overlays, and more.

Installing layman
Installing layman is a breeze. First check the USE flags that the layman package supports; most of the USE flags trigger which kinds of remote repository types layman supports (such as git repositories, cvs repositories ...). Then install the layman package

Insert layman reference to.

This will ensure that Portage, when asked, will also check the content of the various overlays managed by layman. In effect, it will set the PORTDIR_OVERLAY variable, so if you already define that one in, make sure that you do not overwrite the value that layman already provides.

Using layman
The layman man page (see External resources) provides a full overview of the available functions within layman. However, for most people, the following commands suffice for their overlay management activities.

To fetch & display a list of all the overlays, type:

To add an overlay in the list, type:

To remove an overlay from the local list, type:

To update a specific overlay, type:

To update all overlays, type:

Mountable overlays
With the addition of layman-2.2.0 comes the support for squashfs overlay types. layman will interact with squashfs overlays by mounting them as read-only on the filesystem. On the initial install of the squashfs overlay, it will be mounted as read-only. However, after a reboot the overlay will no longer be mounted and the ebuilds in that overlay will not be accessible by the system.

In order to assist users in handling these mountable overlays, a utility was added that goes by the name of layman-mounter.

To find all overlays that are currently mounted, type:

To find all overlays that are installed by layman that can be mounted, type:

To mount the mountable overlays, type:

To unmount the overlays, type:

Setting overlay priorities with layman
As each overlay is assigned a unique priority, layman provides a simple way of defining priorities for overlays it manages. For more information about overlay priorities see the overlay article.

The file contains some information about the overlays, among which is the priority attribute in the repo tag. The number there determines only the priority relative to the other overlay entries, 50 is the default value. layman then analyses this file and sets the order of the overlay entries in the  variable defined in.

As the file is automatically generated by layman based on the settings in, it is strongly recommended that only  is used to set the priorities.

To add your personal overlay, and to ensure that your overlay has a higher priority, add your overlay before is sourced.

However, this can be also "fooled" by defining the  in  after you source.

This "trick" is merely an opportunity offered by shell variable expansion.

Adding custom overlays
If you want to add overlays which are not listed when you run  you can do it by adding XML files into. For example:

When finished just run  (change sarnold with the name of the repository you want to add).

External resources

 * Layman Homepage on Sourceforge.net