Handbook:Main Page/fr

Introduction
Le manuel Gentoo vise à constituer un document clair et accessible. Ce manuel expose, en plusieurs parties, une procédure d'installation de Gentoo via le Net ; une description partielle du gestionnaire de paquets Portage ; des notions fondamentales d’administration du système.

Architectures
Gentoo Linux est adapté à plusieurs architectures. Quel sens donner au terme "architecture" ?

Une "architecture" est formée d'un ensemble de processeurs (UCT) ayant ou supportant les même instructions. Les deux architectures les plus répandues pour les ordinateurs personnels, sont l'architecture et l'architecture  (Gentoo emploi la notation ). Néanmoins, il existe beaucoup d'architectures :, (architecture PowerPC), , , ...

Une distribution malléable comme Gentoo peut être adaptée à une pluralité d'architectures. La plupart des architectures déjà supportées, ont leur version du manuel Gentoo. Toutefois, le choix d'une version peut déconcerter les utilisateurs ayant peu de références sur les architectures. En effet, certains utilisateurs connaissent seulement le nom ou le type de processeur de leur système (comme i686 ou Intel Core i7). Ci-dessous, vous trouverez la liste des architectures supportées, avec respectivement, les abréviations utilisées par Gentoo. Beaucoup de personnes sont concernées par les architectures ou.

Consulter le manuel
The list below gives a high-level overview of the architectures supported by various Gentoo Linux projects. It is important to choose the correct architecture before proceeding with the associated Installation section of a Handbook. Be sure to verify the CPU's architecture before moving onward.

A note for new Gentoo users: if the CPU is less than five years old and the manufacturer is either Intel or AMD, choosing the AMD64 Handbook is probably the correct route.


 * Alpha Handbook
 * The Alpha architecture is a 64-bit architecture developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). It is still in use by some mid-range and high-end servers, but the architecture is slowly being faded out. Variants include: ES40, AlphaPC, UP1000, and Noname.
 * Full sections: Installation – Working – Portage – Networking


 * AMD64 Handbook
 * AMD64 is a 64-bit architecture that is compatible with the architecture (and thus also known as ). It was first used by AMD (under the AMD64 name) and Intel (under the EM64T name) and is now the most prominent architecture for medium and high-end desktop PCs. It is also commonly found in the server segment. Variants include: AMD Athlon 64, Opteron, Sempron, Phenom, FX, and Ryzen along with Intel Pentium 4, Core2, Core i3, i5, i7, and some Atoms.
 * Full sections: Installation – Working – Portage – Networking


 * ARM Handbook
 * ARM is a 32-bit architecture that is a very popular in embedded and small systems. Sub-architectures range from ARMv1 to ARMv7 (Cortex) and are often found in smart phones, tablets, hand-held consoles, end-user GPS navigation systems, etc. Variants include: StrongARM and Cortex-M.
 * There is no ARM Handbook available at this time. Please see.


 * ARM64 Handbook
 * ARM64 is a 64-bit variant of ARM for embedded and server systems. The primary sub-architecture referred to as AArch64 (also known as ARMv8-A) is produced by a few manufacturers. AArch64 chips are seen in a variety of SoCs including developer boards, smart phones, tablets, smart TVs, etc. Variants include: ARM Holdings' Cortex-A53, A57, A72, A73 and Qualcomm's Kryo and Falkor.
 * There is no ARM64 Handbook available at this time. Please see.


 * HPPA Handbook
 * Referred to as HPPA, the PA-RISC architecture is an instruction set developed by Hewlett-Packard and was used in their mid- and high-end server series until about 2008 (after which HP started using Intel Itanium). Variants include: HP 9000 and PA-8600.
 * Full sections: Installation – Working – Portage – Networking


 * IA64 Handbook
 * IA64 is a 64-bit architecture designed by Intel and used in their Intel Itanium processor series. This architecture is not compatible with or  (a.k.a. ) and is mostly found in medium and high-end server series. Variants include: Intel Itanium.
 * Full sections: Installation – Working – Portage – Networking


 * MIPS Handbook
 * Developed by MIPS Technologies, the MIPS architecture comprises multiple subfamilies (called revisions) such as MIPS I, MIPS III, MIPS32, MIPS64 and more. MIPS is most common in embedded systems. Variants include: MIPS32 1074K and R16000.
 * Full sections: Installation – Working – Portage – Networking


 * PPC Handbook
 * PPC is a 32-bit architecture used by many Apple, IBM and Motorola processors. They are most commonly found in embedded systems. Variants include: Apple OldWorld, Apple NewWorld, generi Pegasos, Efika, older IBM iSeries and pSeries.
 * Full sections: Installation – Working – Portage – Networking


 * PPC64 Handbook
 * PPC64 is the 64-bit variant of the PPC architecture, popular in both embedded as well as high-end performance servers. Variants include: IBM RS/6000s, IBM pSeries, and IBM iSeries.
 * Full sections: Installation – Working – Portage – Networking


 * SPARC Handbook
 * The SPARC architecture is best known by its most common producers, Sun Microsystems (now Oracle) and Fujitsu. It is used in server systems although a few workstations exist as well. In Gentoo, only SPARC64-compatible CPUs are supported. Variants include: E3000, Blade 1000, and Ultra 2.
 * Full sections: Installation – Working – Portage – Networking


 * X86 Handbook
 * X86 is a 32-bit architecture used by CPUs that are often said to be "Intel compatible". It was until recently the most popular architecture for desktop PCs. Gentoo offers builds for i486 (supports all families) and i686 (supports Pentium and higher or compatible). Variants include: i486, i686, AMD Athlon, Intel Core, and some Intel Atoms.
 * Full sections: Installation – Working – Portage – Networking

Pourrait-on générer dynamiquement un manuel particulier ?
Tout est possible : nous avons choisi de structurer le manuel en nous basant sur l'architecture. Les autres choix, comme le partitionnement, la sélection du noyau, l'installation de progiciels, en autres, peuvent être intégralement exposés sans difficulté, dans le même document.

Où trouver des informations sur l'archive 1 dans le manuel Gentoo ?
Les instructions relatives aux archives 1 et 2 sont dorénavant disponibles dans la FAQ Gentoo. Seule la méthode d'installation avec une archive 3 est supportée.

Comment puis-je améliorer le Manuel ?
Vous pouvez faire des suggestions, des commentaires ou exposer vos idées au Project:Handbook ou sur les pages de "discussions" associées au manuel. La documentation est faîte pour la communauté, les retours d'expériences sont appréciés.

Cependant, vous devez réaliser que le développement de la documentation est fondé sur des consensus. Il est impossible d'élaborer une documentation qui satisfasse tout le monde.

Vous pouvez engager une discussion afin d'améliorer le manuel, toutefois, vous devrez accepter les réponses négatives. Un refus signifie que nous pensons que la version actuelle bénéficie à la plupart des personnes.

In order to properly track open issues we ask you to add the Talk template to each discussion you open. Something similar to what is seen in the following example will suffice:

Le code, à la fin de l'exemple, insère la signature de l'éditeur et la date d'édition. Ce code peut être saisi manuellement ou être généré automatiquement grâce au bouton "Signature et timestamp" de l'éditeur de texte. Les éditeurs du Wiki désigne cette opération comme "signer une discussion". N'oubliez pas de signer chaque commentaire sur les pages de discussion.