Info/ru

В этом руководстве Article description::показаны приёмы навигации по info-страницам, используя команду.

Что такое info?
Большинство пользователей, вероятно, знакомы с системой документации. Она хорошо подходит для быстрого поиска определённой информации, но не имеет механизмов для связывания man-страниц между собой. И здесь на помощь приходит. info-страницы создаются с помощью утилиты, которая позволяет связать страницу с другими страницами, создавать меню и простую навигацию в целом. В следующем разделе мы рассмотрим устройство страниц info.

Расположение страниц info
Основные страницы info расположены в каталоге. Стиль их размещения отличается от применяемого в системе man: каталог содержит не очень большой набор относительно крупных файлов. Они именуются следующим образом:

is the actual name of the page (example: ). is an optional construct that designates another node level (generally these are referenced to by the toplevel of the info document in question). In order to save space these info pages are compressed using the gzip compression scheme by default. Configure the PORTAGE_COMPRESS variable in to choose different compression algorithms. Additional info pages can be listed with the INFOPATH environment variable (usually set through the various files). To get started, it's important to note the file. This special file is used when info is ran with no parameters. It contains a listing of all info pages available for users to browse. To begin looking at navigating around in info, bring it up with no arguments:

The next chapter describes how to deal with basic info navigation.

Навигация по оглавлению
После запуска команды info экран будет примерно таким:

Right now there are a bunch of entries with an asterisk before them. These are menu items for navigating through different node levels. There are two ways of selecting menus. The first way will be described now and the other one later. First off, in order to look at the wget info page, use the  arrow key until reaching the line for wget:

Once on this line, hit the key to select the menu item. This will bring up the info page for wget:

The next section will look at basic navigation.

Основы навигации
In terms of nodes, this is considered the  node for the wget page. Consider the  node to be the same as the table of contents for that particular info page. Now to navigate the actual page itself, users have a couple of different methods. First off is the standard info method. This is using the key to move forward a page and the / keys to move back a page. This is the recommended method as it automatically advances/retreats to the appropriate node in the document. This allows for a somewhat linear browsing for those used to man pages. Another way is through the / keys. These work, but they will not advance/retreat like // will. In order to skip entire nodes without using //, users can also use the (advance backwards) and  (advance forwards) keys.

As mentioned earlier, there are two ways of navigating menus. The other way will now be described here. The numbers  can be used to reference to the first-ninth menu entries in a document. This can be used to quickly peruse through documents. For example, users can press to reach the   menu entry. So press and it will bring up the   screen:

Here is a good time to note a few things. First off the top header section. This header shows the navigation capable from this particular screen. The page indicated by  can be accessed by pressing the  key, and the page indicated by   can be accessed by pressing the  key. Please note that this will only work for the same level. If overused users could round up in totally unrelated content. It's better to use //// to navigate in a linear fashion.

If for some reason users get lost, there are a few ways to get out. First is the key. This will take the user straight to the toplevel (table of contents) for the particular info page being browsed. If users want to return to the last page looked out, they can do so with the key. If users want to go to the above level, they can do so with the key. The next chapter will look at searching for content.

Переход к другим info-страницам
Now that users can navigate an individual info page, it's important to look at accessing other info pages. The first obvious way is to go to the info page through the dir index listing of info pages. To get to the dir index from deep within a document, simply press the key. From there users can search for the appropriate page they want. However, if they know the actual page, there is an easier way through the  command. To go to an info page by name, type to bring up the prompt and enter the name of the page in parentheses:

Это откроет страницу libc, как показано здесь:

Now that users know how to go to info pages by name, the next section will look at searching for pieces of information using the info page's index.

Поиск по индексу
The following example will describe how to lookup the  function of the C library using the libc info page's index. Users should still be at the libc info page from the last section, and if not, they can use the Goto node command to do so. To utilize the index search, hit the key to bring up the prompt, then enter the search term:

After pressing enter upon completion of our query, users are brought to the libc definition for :

Users have successfully performed a search using the  info page index. However, sometimes what users want is in the page itself. The next section will look at performing searches within the page.

Поиск по содержимому
Starting from the previous location at the  node, users will look at searching for the   variation of the   function. To perform a search, press the key to bring up the search prompt, and then enter the query (sprintf in this case):

Нажмите и будет показан результат запроса:

This is the needed function.

Заключение
На этом обзор команды info для просмотра info-страниц завершён. Как и всегда, приветствуются комментарии и замечания.

Additional program resources
Программы в помощь тем, кто хочет просматривать info-страницы с использованием более дружественных графических интерфейсов:


 * - Convert info pages to a browse-able HTML format
 * - based info viewer
 * - A tcl/tk based info browser
 * - A based info browser

The KDE browser Konqueror also allows users to browse info pages through the  URI.