Handbook:Parts/Installation/Media/ko

하드웨어 요구 사항
시작하기 전에, 우선 상자에 젠투를 성공적으로 설치할 때 필요한 하드웨어 요구사항을 나열하겠습니다.

소형 설치 CD
The Gentoo minimal installation CD is a bootable CD which contains a self-sustained Gentoo environment. It allows the user to boot Linux from the CD. During the boot process the hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers are loaded. The CD is maintained by Gentoo developers and allows anyone to install Gentoo if an active Internet connection is available.

The Minimal Installation CD is called.

예비 젠투 LiveDVD
간혹 젠투를 설치할 때 쓸 수 있도록 젠투 10 프로젝트에서 특별한 DVD를 손수 만듭니다. 이 장 다음의 내용은 소형 설치 CD를 대상으로 하기 때문에 약간 다를 수 있습니다. 그러나, LiveDVD(또는 다른 리눅스 부팅 환경)에서는 터미널에서 를 실행하거나  를 실행하여 루트 프롬프트를 띄우는 기능을 지원합니다.

그러면 스테이지란 무엇인가요?
A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment, suitable to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this manual. Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of three stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read the Gentoo FAQ on How do I Install Gentoo Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?

Stage3 tarballs can be downloaded from on any of the official Gentoo mirrors and are not provided by the installation CD.

매체 다운로드
The default installation media that Gentoo Linux uses are the minimal installation CDs, which host a bootable, very small Gentoo Linux environment with the right tools to install Gentoo Linux from. The CD images themselves can be downloaded from one of the many mirrors available.

On those mirrors, the minimal installation CDs can be found as follows:
 * 1) Go to the  directory
 * 2) Select the right architecture, such as
 * 3) Select the  directory
 * 4) Select the  directory

Inside this location, the installation CD file is the file with the suffix. For instance, take a look at the following listing:

releases//autobuilds/current-iso/ 의 다운로드 파일 목록 예제

In the above example, the file is the minimal installation CD itself. But as can be seen, other related files exist as well:
 * A file which is a text file listing all files available on the installation CD. This file can be useful to verify if particular firmware or drivers are available on the installation CD before downloading it.
 * A file which contains the hash of the ISO file itself, in various hashing formats/algorithms. This file can be used to verify if the downloaded ISO file is corrupt or not.
 * A file which not only contains the hash of the ISO file (like the  file, but also a cryptographic signature of that file. This can be used to both verify if the downloaded ISO file is corrupt or not, as well as verify that the download is indeed provided by the Gentoo Release Engineering team and has not been tampered with.

Ignore the other files available at this location for now - those will come back when the installation has proceeded further. Download the file and, if verification of the download is wanted, download the   file for the ISO file as well. The file does not need to be downloaded as the installation instructions will not refer to this file anymore, and the  file should contain the same information as the  file, except that the latter also contains a signature on top of it.

다운로드한 파일 검증
Through the and  files, the validity of the ISO file can be confirmed using the right set of tools. This verification is usually done in two steps:
 * 1) First, the cryptographic signature is validated to make sure that the installation file is provided by the Gentoo Release Engineering team
 * 2) If the cryptographic signature validates, then the checksum is verified to make sure that the downloaded file itself is not corrupted

마이크로소프트 윈도우 기반 검증
On a Microsoft Windows system, chances are low that the right set of tools to verify checksums and cryptographic signatures are in place.

To first verify the cryptographic signature, tools such as GPG4Win can be used. After installation, the public keys of the Gentoo Release Engineering team need to be imported. The list of keys is available on the release engineering site. Once imported, the user can then verify the signature of the file.

The checksum itself can be verified using the Hashcalc application, although many others exist as well. Most of the time, these tools will show the user the calculated checksum, and the user is requested to verify this checksum with the value that is inside the file.

리눅스 기반 검증
On a Linux system, the most common method for verifying the cryptographic signature is to use the software. With this package installed, the following commands can be used to verify the cryptographic signature of the file.

First, download the right set of keys as made available on the release engineering site:

Next verify the cryptographic signature of the file:

To be absolutely certain that everything is valid, verify the fingerprint shown with the fingerprint on the Gentoo Release Engineering site.

With the cryptographic signature validated, next verify the checksum to make sure the downloaded ISO file is not corrupted. The file contains multiple hashing algorithms, so one of the methods to validate the right one is to first look at the checksum registered in the  file. For instance, to get the SHA512 checksum:

In the above output, two SHA512 checksums are shown - one for the file and one for its accompanying  file. Only the first checksum is of interested, as it needs to be compared with the calculated SHA512 checksum which can be generated as follows:

As both checksums match, the file is not corrupted and the installation can continue.

굽기
Of course, with just an ISO file downloaded, the Gentoo Linux installation cannot be started. The ISO file needs to be burned on a CD to boot from, and in such a way that its contents is burned on the CD, not just the file itself. Below a few common methods are described - a more elaborate set of instructions can be found in Our FAQ on burning an ISO file.

마이크로소프트 윈도우에서 굽기
마이크로소프트 윈도우에서는 ISO를 CD에 굽는 기능을 지원하는 여러가지 도구가 있습니다.


 * 이지 CD 크레이더에서는, File을 선택한 후 Record CD from CD image를 선택하십시오. Files of type을 ISO image file로 바꾸십시오. ISO 위치를 선택한 후, Open을 누르십시오. Start recording을 누르면 ISO 이미지를 CD-R에 제대로 굽습니다.
 * 네로 버닝 롬에서는, 자동으로 뜨는 마법사 창을 취소하고, File 메뉴에서 Burn Image를 선택하십시오. 구울 이미지를 선택하고 Open을 누르십시오. 이제 Burn 버튼을 누르고 새 CD를 굽는 모습을 감상하십시오.

리눅스에서 굽기
On Linux, the ISO file can be burned on a CD using the  command, part of the  package.

For instance, to burn the ISO file on the CD in the device (this is the first CD device on the system - substitute with the right device file if necessary):

Users that prefer a graphical user interface can use K3B, part of the package. In K3B, go to Tools and use Burn CD Image. Then follow the instructions provided by K3B.

추가 하드웨어 설정
When the Installation CD boots, it tries to detect all the hardware devices and loads the appropriate kernel modules to support the hardware. In the vast majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases it may not auto-load the kernel modules needed by the system. If the PCI auto-detection missed some of the system's hardware, the appropriate kernel modules have to be loaded manually.

In the next example the 8139too module (which supports certain kinds of network interfaces) is loaded:

선택: 사용자 계정
If other people need access to the installation environment, or there is need to run commands as a non-root user on the installation CD (such as to chat using  without root privileges for security reasons), then an additional user account needs to be created and the root password set to a strong password.

루트 암호를 바꾸려면, passwd 유틸리티를 사용하십시오:

To create a user account, first enter their credentials, followed by the account's password. The  and   commands are used for these tasks.

다음 예제에서, "john" 사용자를 만듭니다:

To switch from the (current) root user to the newly created user account, use the  command:

선택: 설치 과정에 문서 보기
설치 과정에 젠투 핸드북을 보려면, 우선 위에서 설명한 대로 사용자 계정을 만드십시오 그 다음 를 눌러 새 터미널로 이동하십시오.

설치 과정에서는, 젠투 핸드북을 살펴볼 때  명령을사용할 수 있습니다. 물론 인터넷 연결이 동작중일때만 가능합니다.

초기 터미널로 돌아가려면 을 누르십시오.

선택: SSH 데몬 시작
To allow other users to access the system during the installation (perhaps to support during an installation, or even do it remotely), a user account needs to be created (as was documented earlier on) and the SSH daemon needs to be started.

SSH 데몬을 실행하려면, 다음 명령을 실행하십시오:

To be able to use sshd, the network needs to function properly. Continue with the chapter on Configuring the network.