KDE/es

KDE es una comunidad de software libre, que produce una amplia gama de aplicaciones, incluyendo el conocido entorno de escritorio Plasma.

El soporte para KDE en Gentoo es excelente, con un empaquetado que integra el antiguo KDE SC 4, la próxima generación de KDE Frameworks, Plasma y aplicaciones de KDE 5, así como una amplia gama de programas diversos basados ​​en KDE.

Perfil
Choosing an appropriate profile, although not required, is recommended as it sets a number of global and package-specific USE flags to ease installation and ensure a smooth KDE experience.

Con el fin de elegir el perfil más adecuado, primero liste los que están disponibles:

A continuación, seleccione el perfil adecuado, sustituyendo  con el número del perfil correspondiente:

Para un completo entorno de escritorio KDE, se recomienda utilizar el perfil, que se adapta para su uso con OpenRC. Si se usa systemd, elija  en su lugar. Para un entorno de escritorio Plasma 5 elija  con OpenRC o   con systemd.

Servicios
Before installing KDE SC it is recommended that several other services are set up first. Part of that is done automatically if a desktop/kde or desktop profile is used. These services are:
 * D-Bus: Enables use of the D-Bus message bus system.
 * polkit: Enables the polkit framework for controlling privileges for system-wide services.
 * udev: Enables support for udev Linux dynamic and persistent device naming.
 * udisks: Enables support for some storage related services.

Siga los enlaces de referencia para saber cómo configurar estos servicios. Tenga en cuenta que, aunque técnicamente son posibles otras combinaciones de parámetros USE que las previstas en dicho perfil (sobre todo si las aplicaciones seleccionadas se ejecutan en un lugar distinto al de un entorno de escritorio KDE), dichas combinaciones pueden ser no compatibles, no estar probadas, o conducir a la pérdida inesperada de funcionalidad.

Servidor X
Lea y siga las instrucciones del artículo X server para configurar el entorno X.

KDE SC 4
KDE SC 4 is the previous major version of KDE. Although it is no longer maintained upstream, it is considered stable, and is recommended for most users. As upstream support for KDE SC 4 has slowly come to an end, certain packages have releases with versions that do not match the rest of the SC. For example, KDE Workspaces and KDE PIM have received their last bugfix releases with 4.11.22 and 4.14.10 respectively, while kdelibs enjoys 4.14.x point releases well beyond. Meanwhile, newer Applications releases are still shipping with KDE4-based packages that are seamlessly able to serve as bugfix updates from 4.14.3.

Paquetes
In Gentoo there are various packages that will install a KDE environment:
 * - The full KDE suite.
 * - A basic KDE environment.
 * - A very minimal, effectively unsupported KDE environment (no KDE applications or artwork).

Por lo general, es buena idea comenzar con el paquete e instalar el software adicional a medida que se vaya necesitando:

There are other meta packages that can be installed to pull in parts of the KDE suite:


 * - Accessibility applications and utilities.
 * - Administrative utilities, which helps in managing the system.
 * - Extra themes, screensavers, etc.
 * - Bindings for various languages.
 * - Educational applications and games.
 * - Standard desktop games.
 * - Graphics applications such as image viewers, color pickers, etc.
 * - Audio and video playback applications and services.
 * - Network applications and VNC services.
 * - PIM applications such as emailer, addressbook, organizer, etc.
 * - Various development tools.
 * - Toy like applications.
 * - Standard desktop utilities such as a archiver, a calculator, etc.
 * - Web development tools.

Widgets
Many useful widgets are in the package:

Cambiar el idioma
To localize the KDE installation, install the package. If only a selected few languages needs to set, define the LINGUAS variable beforehand in

Por ejemplo, para utilizar el idioma español, establezca:

To localize the packages included in install the  package.

La aplicación tiene su propio paquete de localización también:.

Gestor de pantallas
KDM (KDE Display Manager) is the recommended login manager and is pulled in automatically via by default if no other login manager is installed.

OpenRC
Para establecer KDM como gestor de inicio de sesión predeterminado:

Para iniciar KDM en el arranque, añada xdm al nivel de ejecución default:

Para iniciar KDM inmediatemente:

systemd
Enable KDM at boot time through :

Para iniciar el servicio inmediatemente:

KDE Frameworks, plasma y aplicaciones de KDE 5
La próxima generación de KDE divide la SC (Software Compilation) en tres componentes, cada uno con sus propios ciclos individuales de liberación: KDE Frameworks 5, KDE Plasma 5 y aplicaciones KDE.

Frameworks
KDE Frameworks 5 es una colección de bibliotecas y de software frameworks que proporcionan la base para KDE Plasma 5 y las aplicaciones de KDE 5, pero puede ser aprovechado por cualquier aplicación Qt.

Como los frameworks son, en su mayoría, bibliotecas y proporcionan poca funcionalidad de usuario, ello hace que no sea necesaria su instalación de forma manual —los paquetes requeridos serán obtenidos automáticamente, así como sus dependencias—.

Plasma
Plasma 5 es la próxima generación del entorno de escritorio de KDE, basado en Qt 5 y KDE Frameworks 5. La actualización es bastante simple, aunque no puede ser coinstalado con Plasma 4, debido a decisiones de diseño de los desarrolladores.

Tenga en cuenta que si bien Plasma 5 se encuentra en un buen estado, todavía se encuentra en una fase de fuerte desarrollo y le faltan algunas de las características presentes en KDE 4.

Upgrade from KDE SC 4
Information on how to upgrade from KDE SC 4, migration and troubleshooting can be found on the upgrade page.

Installation
The package provides the full Plasma 5 suite, configured by the following USE flags:

Alternatively, provides the basic desktop, leaving users free to install only the extra packages they require:

Widgets
Many useful widgets are in the package:

Display manager
SDDM (Simple Desktop Display Manager) is the recommended login manager and is pulled in automatically via by default. This is the preferred option. Alternatively, LightDM can be used and pulled in by setting USE flag  for. Change the setting accordingly in. Also, be sure to read through the SDDM page if further issues appear.

Applications
Releases consist of various applications and supporting libraries based on Qt 5/KDE Frameworks 5 as well as Qt 4/KDElibs 4, with the latter still being in long term support mode. In Portage, the distinction is made using slots  and. Porting is an ongoing process where each major release is making inroads to Frameworks 5, and therefore contains both well matured and newly ported applications. Note that it also means potential dependency conflicts even within one major release, when two packages depend on slot 4 and 5 of the same library that can not be installed at the same time. The meta packages are taking these conflicts into account and will in some cases prefer the more reliable version over a new port.

The package provides the full Applications bundle:

It will install the following smaller meta packages, which of course can also be hand-picked:

kdesu5
The utility that is used to run GUI programs as is provided by. If built with USE flag, a graphical frontend to  is installed, which can be used by invoking.

As always, ensure that the command actually needs to run as, versus adding the regular user to the relevant groups or simply just running the command unprivileged.

More KDE software
The most important KDE applications are in the portage tree and many are located in the kde-apps and kde-misc categories.

Véase también

 * KDE hints - Hints on working in a KDE desktop environment.
 * KDE troubleshooting - An extended article on troubleshooting KDE.
 * KDE/KDEPIM-4.7 upgrade
 * KDE overlay - Instructions on adding Gentoo's KDE overlay.
 * KDE removal and clean up - Instructions on removing and cleaning up KDE.

Recursos externos

 * Official KDE user wiki
 * Official KDE forum
 * KDE-Apps.org
 * KDE-Look.org
 * KDE-Files.org