Puppet/ru

Puppet - это система управления конфигурациями, написанная на языке программирования Ruby. Она может использоваться для автоматизации развертывания системы на новых машинах.

Installation
Puppet is provided by the package.

Currently, there is no distinction between server and client, so the basic installation procedure is the same for both.

Emerge
First, install Puppet via :

Configuration and setup
Puppet is mainly configured through in an INI-style format. Comments are marked with a hash sign (#).

The configuration file is separated into several sections, or blocks:


 * [main] содержит настройки, которые действуют по умолчанию для всех частей Puppet, до тех пор, пока они не переписываются настройками в каком-либо из следующих разделов:
 * [master] используется для настроек, касающихся Puppetmaster (puppet master), или утилиты CA (puppet cert)
 * [agent] используется для настроек, касающихся Puppet agent (puppet agent)

Более глубокое объяснение, вместе со списком дальнейших блоков, доступно в официальной документации Puppet. Также, существует список всех параметров конфигурации, некоторые из которых, конечно же, имеют смысл только тогда, когда применяются или к серверу, или к клиенту.

Настройка (Puppetmaster) сервера
Настройки по умолчанию, помещенные ebuild-файлом в могут использоваться как есть. Для Puppet 2.7.3, части, относящиеся к серверу выглядят следующим образом:

Setting up the file server
To be able to send files to the clients, the file server has to be configured. This is done in. By default, there are no files being served.

The snippet above sets up a share called files (remember this identifier, as it will need to be referenced later), looking for files in and only available for hosts with an IP from the 192.168.0.0/24 network. Any of the IP addresses, CIDR notation, and host names (including wildcards like *.domain.invalid</tt>) can be used here. The deny</tt> command can be used to explicitly deny access to certain hosts or IP ranges.

Starting the puppetmaster daemon
With the basic configuration as well as an initial file server configuration, we can start the Puppetmaster daemon using its OpenRC init script:

В течение первого запуска, Puppet генерирует SSL сертификат для хоста Puppetmaster и размещает его в ssldir</tt>, как показано в конфигурации выше.

Он слушает порт 8140/TCP; убедитесь, что настройки межсетевого экрана не запрещают доступ клиентам.

A simple manifest
Manifests, in Puppet's terminology, are the files in which the client configuration is specified. The documentation contains a comprehensive guide about the manifest markup language.

В качестве простого примера, давайте создадим файл с сообщением дня (message of the day, сокращенно motd) на клиенте. На puppetmaster, создайте файл внутри общего файлового ресурса files</tt>, созданного ранее:

Затем, нам необходимо создать основной файл манифеста в каталоге manifests</tt>. Он называется site.pp</tt>:

The default</tt> node (the name for a client) definition is used in case there is no specific node</tt> statement for the host. We use a file</tt> resource and want the file on our clients to contain the same thing as the motd</tt> file in the files</tt> share on the host puppet</tt>. If the puppetmaster is only reachable using another host name, adapt the source</tt> URI accordingly.

Client configuration
During the first execution of the Puppet agent, wait for the certificate to be signed by the puppetmaster. To request a certificate, and execute the first configuration run, execute:

Before the client can connect, authorize the certificate request on the server. The client should appear in the list of nodes requesting a certificate:

Now, we grant the request:

The client will check every 60 seconds whether its certificate has already been issued. After that, it continues with the first configuration run:

When this message pops up, all went well. Now check the contents of the file on the client:

OpenRC
Start the puppet agent as a deamon and have it launch on boot:

Systemd
Conversely, when running systemd:

Manually generating certificates
To manually generate a certificate, use the puppet cert</tt> utility. It will place all generated certificates into the ssldir</tt> as set in the puppet configuration and will sign them with the key of the local Puppet Certificate Authority (CA).

An easy case is the generation of a certificate with only one Common Name:

If the certificate has to be valid for multiple host names, use the --certdnsnames</tt> parameter and separate the additional host names with a colon:

Этот пример сгенерирует сертификат, действительный для трех перечисленных имен хоста.

Refreshing agent certificates
This is the process used to manually refresh agent certificates.


 * 1) (on master)
 * 2) (on agent)
 * 3) * This will cause the Puppet agent to regenerate the CSR with the existing SSL key.
 * 4) * The old certificate is no longer valid, as it was nuked on the master.
 * 5) * When one of the above steps is forgotten, an error will pop up about the certificate mis-matching between agent and master.
 * 6) * To replace the SSL keys (optional):
 * 7) (on agent)
 * 8) * When using auto-signing, no further steps are needed.
 * 9) (on master)
 * 10) Verify that the fingerprint listed in the previous two outputs matches
 * 11) (on master)
 * 12) (on agent)

Managing slots with puppet
While the default portage provider in puppet does not support slots there are puppet modules available which seek to add in this functionality.


 * puppet-portage
 * PortageGT

External resources

 * Upstream website
 * Puppet Wiki