Nouveau

nouveau is the open source driver for NVIDIA graphic cards.

Limitations
Being an open source project running on what is largely proprietary hardware, there are some limitations inherent to Nouveau that are not applicable to the closed-source nvidia-drivers. That said, Nouveau is constantly evolving, so these limitations are subject to change over time.

Kernel
Activate the following kernel options:

Udev
If NVIDIA's proprietary driver has been installed, it will have installed a udev rules file in. When attempting to use the nouveau driver without disabling that rule file, the X11 log file fill up with a block of messages like this repeating every 10ms:

[  180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): EDID vendor "SAM", prod id 430 [  180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): Using hsync ranges from config file [  180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): Using vrefresh ranges from config file [  180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): Printing DDC gathered Modelines: [  180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): Modeline "1600x1200"x0.0  162.00  1600 1664 1856 2160  1200 1201 1204 1250 +hsync +vsync (75.0 kHz eP) [  180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): Modeline "800x600"x0.0   40.00  800 840 968 1056  600 601 605 628 +hsync +vsync (37.9 kHz e) [   180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): Modeline "800x600"x0.0   36.00  800 824 896 1024  600 601 603 625 +hsync +vsync (35.2 kHz e) [...] [  180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): Modeline "1152x864"x0.0  108.00  1152 1216 1344 1600  864 865 868 900 +hsync +vsync (67.5 kHz e) [   180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): Modeline "1280x1024"x0.0  108.00  1280 1328 1440 1688  1024 1025 1028 1066 +hsync +vsync (64.0 kHz e) [   180.669] (II) NOUVEAU(0): Modeline "1280x960"x0.0  108.00  1280 1376 1488 1800  960 961 964 1000 +hsync +vsync (60.0 kHz e) [   180.669] removing GPU device /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.0/drm/card2 /dev/dri/card2

To prevent this (without uninstalling the package), simply remove/move/rename the udev file  so that is no longer taken up by udev (see Advanced Configurationn of udev). Note that the next time nvidia-drivers is updated, that file will be re-installed, so consider unmerging nvidia-drivers.

xorg.conf
The X server is designed to work out-of-the-box, with no need to manually edit X.Org's configuration files. It should detect and configure devices such as displays, keyboards, and mice.

However, the main configuration file of the X server is the file.

Limitations
Some of the current issues or draw-backs compared to the closed-source are stated below:


 * Performance (especially 3D performance) on the same card/chipset may be significantly worse than using nvidia-drivers.
 * Attempts to run at higher refresh rates (i.e. above 60 Hz) may fail.
 * Using advanced features from various NVIDIA cards (e.g. multiple-display capabilities of Quadro cards without SLI) may not function correctly.

Multi-monitor problems
When the screen freezes often with possible EDID probes while using dual monitors/displays, try adding  or   (enable or disable respectively) to the  or  command line options, substituting the name of the monitor listed within  or. (ie. CRT-1, VGA-1, LVDS-1, DVI-1, ...)

For instance, on a Dell Inspiron 8100 laptop with a connected external display connected via the laptop's external VGA port, a possible command line is:. The EDID (DRM) probe on the external VGA connected display is still causing freezing during nouveau/drm load for the author, but at least it's usable if the display is connected after grub is loaded and prior to the nouveau/drm modules loading. And with the prior mentioned command line LVDS/VGA resolutions, the displays are cloned and centred with somewhat correct resolutions for cloned displays.

NVIDIA Optimus
When using a laptop with NVIDIA's Optimus technology (usually found in laptops built in 2010 and later), everything will be passed through the integrated graphics controller (usually Intel) before it gets to the discreet video card (NVIDIA), which can cause a lot of otherwise unexplained problems when enabled. There are a few ways to handle this, but the simplest is to disable Optimus through the BIOS (normally accessed by pressing during boot). This will result in increased power consumption (decreased battery life, increased running temperature), as the NVIDIA card will now be handling all of the work all of the time.

External resources

 * Nouveau Video Acceleration